Technology and the Task Content of Jobs Across the Development Spectrum

Caunedo, Julieta; Keller, Elisa; Shin, Yongseok

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3824564

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A second strand of the literature measures tasks directly in the countries studied, combining skills information from PIAAC and STEP survey data with other longitudinal data sources. These studies identify significant differences in the skill-composition of jobs and occupations across countries and highlight the importance of analysing these questions using country-specific data (Caunedo, Keller, and Shin 2021;Lewandowski, Park, and Schotte 2020;Lewandowski et al 2019;Lo Bello, Sanchez Puerta, and Winkler 2019). For example, Lewandowski, Park, and Schotte (2020) show that even within the same occupations, emerging and developing countries rely more strongly on routine work than developed economies.…”

Section: Section 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Using online vacancy and job applicants’ data to study skills dynamics

Bennett¹,

Escudero²,

Liepmann³

et al. 2022

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We assess whether online data on vacancies and applications to a job board are a suitable source for studying skills dynamics outside of Europe and the United States, where a rich literature has examined skills dynamics using online vacancy data. Yet, the knowledge on skills dynamics is scarce for other countries, irrespective of their level of development. We first propose a taxonomy that systematically aggregates three broad categories of skills – cognitive, socioemotional and manual – and fourteen commonly observed and recognizable skills sub-categories, which we define based on unique skills identified through keywords and expressions. Our aim is to develop a taxonomy that is comprehensive but succinct, suitable for the labour market realities of developing and emerging economies and adapted to online vacancies and applicants’ data. Using machine-learning techniques, we then develop a methodology that allows implementing the skills taxonomy in online vacancy and applicants’ data, thus capturing both the supply and the demand side. Implementing the methodology with Uruguayan data from the job board BuscoJobs, we assign skills to 64 per cent of applicants’ employment spells and 94 per cent of vacancies. We consider this a successful implementation since the exploited text information often does not follow a standardized format. The advantage of our approach is its reliance on data that is currently available in many countries across the world, thereby allowing for country-specific analysis that does not need to assume that occupational skills bundles are the same across countries. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to explore this approach in the context of emerging economies.

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Section: Section 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Using online vacancy and job applicants’ data to study skills dynamics

Bennett¹,

Escudero²,

Liepmann³

et al. 2022

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“…The increasing availability of surveys collecting information on tasks performed by individual workers has facilitated more detailed studies of occupational task demand (Arntz et al 2017). Using these new data, researchers developed several approaches to measure economy-specific, worker-level job tasks (Lo Bello et al 2019, de la Rica et al 2020, Caunedo et al 2021, and Lewandowski et al 2022. In particular, Lewandowski et al (2022) developed survey-based, harmonized task measures of non-routine cognitive analytical, non-routine cognitive interpersonal, routine cognitive, and manual tasks.…”

Section: Measuring the Task Content Of Jobs Using Survey Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Divergence in the De-routinization of Jobs

Lewandowski¹,

Park²,

Schotte³

2023

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This study introduces a methodology to estimate the economy-specific task content of occupations across economies at different income levels. The results show that occupations in low- and middle-income economies are more routine-intensive than in high-income economies and the gap continues to widen. Investment in skills, technology use, and participation in global value chains are key factors for work content and productivity to converge with those in high-income economies.

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“…A regression using the raw skills count is available from the authors. 28 Studies on job skills demand and technological similarly combine data on job tasks at the occupational level from the O*NET database and individual-level employment survey that weight each occupation by the percentage of the employed population in each occupation (Autor, Levy, and Murnane 2003;Hardy, Keister, and Lewandowski 2018;Caunedo, Keller, and Shin 2021). 29 By construction, the variation between the results with occupational skills profile and those for the employed populations are only due to differences in the distribution of the employed population across occupations.…”

Section: Similarity Of Skills Required In Very Low- Low- Medium- and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies use the occupational skills profiles reported in the U.S. Occupational Information Network (O*NET). 2 However, O*NET tends to misrepresent the occupational skills in low-and middle-income countries due to differences in job tasks, skills, and production technologies across countries (Caunedo, Keller, and Shin 2021;Lewandowski et al 2021;Lo Bello, Sanchez-Puerta, and Winkler 2019). The Malaysia 1 Deming and Kahn (2018) also find that people management (linked to supervision, leadership, non-project management, mentoring, staff), which can be classified as a socioemotional skill, has a much lower correlation with their measures of basic and advanced digital skills: 0.24 and -0.06, respectively (p. 351).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Demand for Digital and Complementary Skills in Southeast Asia

Cunningham¹,

Moroz²,

Muller³

et al. 2022

Policy Research Working Papers

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The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

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Technology and the Task Content of Jobs Across the Development Spectrum

Cited by 7 publications

References 41 publications

Using online vacancy and job applicants’ data to study skills dynamics

Using online vacancy and job applicants’ data to study skills dynamics

Global Divergence in the De-routinization of Jobs

The Demand for Digital and Complementary Skills in Southeast Asia

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