Technology and War: From 2000 B.C. to the Present

Roland, Alex; Creveld, Martin van

doi:10.2307/3106206

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…We not only build technology in certain ways to reflect our being in this world but also endow it with the purpose of destruction and the taking of life. This opening or revealing is conditioned by the battlefield, where technology derives its meaning from the way it is used in the field of its operation (van Creveld, 1991; Section 7). Heidegger emphasises that technology both enframes and restrains the way our being in the world is revealed in the modern period.…”

Section: Technology As a Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second paradigm was characterised by the arrival of science and mechanics from the Renaissance to 1830, where the slow but steady progress of science in its early stages gradually enabled technology to derive its power from non‐organic sources and fossil fuels (van Creveld, 1991, Pt. II).…”

Section: The Second Paradigm (Early Science and Machines 1500–1830)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The third paradigm covered the period from 1830 to 1945, where the emergence of modern information communication technology and means of transport (railways, aircraft carriers and aeroplanes) brought interconnectivity to the machines deployed in war. Van Creveld (1991, Pt. III) suggests that we adopt a system‐centred view to examine the application of technology to warfare in this period, where machines and techno‐instruments were no longer used in isolation or individually.…”

Section: The Third Paradigm (Interconnected Systems 1830–1945)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the revealing and historicity of technology in mind, we can turn to Martin van Creveld (1991), who divides the use of technology in the history of war into several phases. These divisions can serve as a helpful logic for us to restate some of the analyses advanced by Kelly (2022).…”

Section: Technology As a Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technology as a paradigm to investigate war

Lin

2023

Global Policy

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Critiquing Paul Kelly's unsophisticated grouping of political thinkers into two broad camps of a pre‐state and (post‐)state era, this article attempts to use the paradigm of technology as an alternative narrative to examine the phenomena of war, conflict and revolution. Drawing on Heidegger and Stiegler, the technology in war is regarded as a way of not only revealing our being in the world, but unconcealing the way we interact and construct intersubjectivity. Five paradigms of technology in war can be discerned, namely the first paradigm of primitive tools (from classical times to 1500 A.D.), the second one of early sciences and machines (1500–1830), the third one of interconnected systems (1830–1945), the fourth one of instruments of automation (1945–2000), and the current fifth one of artificial intelligence. These paradigms offer us a logical (while not necessarily linear) way to (re)examine the history of political thoughts.

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Section: Technology As a Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Second Paradigm (Early Science and Machines 1500–1830)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Third Paradigm (Interconnected Systems 1830–1945)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Technology As a Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technology as a paradigm to investigate war

Lin

2023

Global Policy

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“…This is perhaps unsurprising given that much supply chain and OM is derived ultimately from operations research, which finds its origins in military planning. In particular, conflicts often center on classic OM topics such as supply chains (e.g., logistics, inventory, infrastructure), force (i.e., personnel) planning, project management, procurement, and, recently, the information management/operations interface (Van Creveld, 2004, 2010). That said, a number of problems involve significant complexity due to sociological issues such as regime legitimacy.…”

Section: Literature Review and Open Questions By Clustermentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for system dynamics research in operations management for public policy

Anderson

Keith²,

López³

2023

Production and Operations Management

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Operations management (OM) in the public policy context is extremely complex with many mutually interacting factors characterized by feedback loops, delays and nonlinearities, as well as multiple stakeholders pursuing divergent objectives. Prior researchers have called for a systems approach in these contexts, arguing that standard OM methodologies such as mathematical programming, and queuing theory often cannot fully address these problems. Researchers have employed one such systems approach, system dynamics, successfully for decades for studying OM problems in public policy because it can address such complexity and can also integrate disciplines from outside OM such as political science, epidemiology, ecology, etc. In this paper, we create a roadmap for researchers—both those who are familiar with systems dynamics and those who are not—for the expanded use of system dynamics studying public policy‐related OM problems. We review and organize relevant system dynamics literature in both traditional operations management venues as well as public policy venues unfamiliar to OM audiences. We then identify a set of interesting open questions and potential system dynamics building blocks for answering them by topic. Leveraging this review, we describe under what conditions system dynamics is most appropriate. We then identify several overarching methodological and domain gaps for future research. Finally, we build on previous work to extend a process for using system dynamics with traditional operations management methodologies. It separates model building into two sequential phases: consensus‐building models and detailed operational models. It also incorporates scenario planning and feedback from implementation outcomes.

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A Guerra do Golfo entre artefatos e artifícios: as visões da mídia impressa brasileira (1991)

Zarpelão

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A Deus que me inspirou, protegeu e sempre olhou por mim em todos os momentos de minha vida, principalmente pelo fato de ter enfrentando durante os estudos do doutorado problemas sérios de saúde (depressão), divórcio e a pandemia de Covid-19. Finalizar a tese é indubitavelmente uma grande vitória pessoal.Ao meu pai, Rubens, minha mãe, Elizabeth, meus irmãos Melissa e Camilo pela trajetória histórica, apoio aos estudos, incentivo na formação e amor que me permitiram chegar a esse ponto de minha vida. Não posso deixar de citar minha amada Vovó Lazara (in memoriam) que me deu grande apoio material, financeiro, afetivo e, principalmente, sentimental nesse desafio. Todos os meus avós (in memoriam), bisavós (in memoriam), tios, tios-avôs, primos, cunhados e aqueles familiares que também já fizeram a grande viagem saibam que são responsáveis e compartilham de minhas conquistas.Ao professor Dr. Francisco Assis de Queiroz não somente por ter sido meu professor na graduação e no doutorado, além de orientador neste último, sempre com paciência, profissionalismo, lealdade e grande interesse, mas também por sua presença inexorável na minha vida, desde minha graduação, que foi muito importante para que eu desenvolvesse meu grande amor, hoje, pelo estudo da História da Ciência e da Tecnologia em diálogo e perspectiva com outras áreas do conhecimento que também amo muito, como História Política, História das Relações Internacionais, Política Externa dos Estados Unidos e História Militar. Ressalto sua grande contribuição como exemplo de pesquisador, professor, historiador, verdadeiro mestre, e, principalmente, ser humano sereno e sábio que só reforçaram o meu amor pela profissão de professor e pesquisador. Francisco, você é um grande exemplo e um "norte" a ser seguido. Muito obrigado pela confiança e respeito! Ao apoio, confiança e incentivo material e financeiro dado pelo Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo, (IFSP), onde sou professor concursado de História, na figura do reitor Professor Doutor Silmario Batista dos Santos, e também no campus onde trabalho, em São Roque, na figura do Diretor Geral e professor Doutor Frank

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Technology and War: From 2000 B.C. to the Present

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Technology as a paradigm to investigate war

Technology as a paradigm to investigate war

Opportunities for system dynamics research in operations management for public policy

A Guerra do Golfo entre artefatos e artifícios: as visões da mídia impressa brasileira (1991)

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