This perspective paper examines the challenges of implementing regenerative medicine (RM) therapies within hospitals and clinics. Drawing on recent work in the social sciences, the paper highlights dynamics within existing healthcare systems that will present both hindrances and affordances for the implementation of new RM technologies within hospitals and clinics. The paper argues that identifying suitable locations for cell-and gene-therapy treatment centers requires an assessment of their institutional readiness for RM. Some provisional criteria for assessing institutional readiness are outlined, and the paper will suggest that it is necessary to begin developing a program for the phased introduction of RM in the longer term. Regenerative medicine (RM) therapies, particularly those that are commonly referred to as advanced cell and gene therapies, are in many ways significantly different from existing, conventional therapeutic products and techniques [1]. Cell, tissue or gene-based technologies have the potential to provide therapeutic relief for a range of disorders for which there is currently severe unmet clinical need [2], but the sensitivity and complexity of these technologies presents a range of innovation challenges [3], and commentators have suggested that promising RM technologies are particularly susceptible to the 'valley of death' [4]. Many of these challenges relate to upscaling and manufacturing, regulatory requirements, reimbursement and commissioning [5]. These have been well characterized in recent reviews of the RM field [6], and government-supported initiatives such as the UK's Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult have been launched to mitigate these and facilitate commercialization [7]. Recent reports, however, have identified an additional area of concern: the clinical adoption of RM therapies within existing healthcare systems [8,9]. Hospitals and clinics within contemporary healthcare systems have developed systems to accommodate drug-and device-based therapies and surgical interventions, and they may, then, be poorly suited to implementing cell-, tissueand gene-based treatments. There is, in other words, a degree of incommensurability between existing healthcare providers and the exigencies of providing RM therapies [10].A consequence of this mismatch is that potential investors have difficulties envisaging a clear pathway to commercial and clinical success [11]. This uncertainty represents a risk to the momentum that currently characterizes RM in the UK, Canada, various US states and elsewhere. Hence, while the majority of promising RM therapies are still in the early phases of clinical development [12], commentators have argued that it is necessary to address the potential challenges of clinical delivery in the immediate future [8,9,11]. In this vein, this paper examines the challenges of implementing RM technologies within existing systems of delivery, and it offers some guiding reflections on how such challenges may responsibly be managed. RM represents a diverse range of technologies a...