Technology of high-rate pulverized coal injection into blast furnace

Takamoto, Yasushi; Yamaguchi, K.; Ueno, Hideki; Matsunaga, Shigenori; Kakiuchi, Kazumoto; Amano, Shigeru

doi:10.1051/metal/199592030351

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The coupling between the two phases is represented by the forces that the phases exert on each other. The overall phase equation can be expressed as, e p + e g + e fs + e fd = 1 (1) where e p , e g , e fs , and e fd are the void fraction occupied by packed bed particles, gas phase, fines phase as static holdup, and fines phase as dynamic holdup, respectively. The turbulence experienced by the system is modelled using the k − 1 model and is restricted to the gas phase only.…”

Section: Mathematical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The blast furnace (BF) is a strongly multiphasic reactor, whose operation contributes to a significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions. Ecological and economic benefits have been shown to increase as the injection rate of pulverized coal (PC), along with the air/oxygen through the tuyere, is increased [1,2] and consequently, increased PCI furnaces are being widely implemented [3]. An increase in PCI rate in the BF leads to the degradation of coke [4] and accumulation of unburnt coal (char) in the lower part of the furnace [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cold-model numerical study of raceway shape and size effect on gas and fines flow behaviour in packed bed between the raceway and cohesive zone

Bosco

Kamble

Lakshminarasimha

et al. 2023

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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Operational stability and productivity of an iron-making blast furnace relies on the permeability of the bed, which is adversely affected by the accumulation of unburnt coal and fine coke powder resulting from Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI) and coke degradation. Stable operation at a high PCI rate necessitates an understanding of gas-fine powder distribution, which is affected by the cohesive zone, and raceway shape and size. A computational study of a laterally injected gas-fine powder flow through a tuyere, into a packed bed is conducted in the presence of raceway and cohesive layers. An experimental correlation is used to predict the static holdup. The effect of operational parameters such as gas flow rate, particle and fine properties, and structural parameters such as cohesive zone configuration, porosity, and tuyere protrusion are analysed. Sensitivity analysis shows raceway shape, size, and interaction with the cohesive blocks affects the distribution and accumulation of fine powder.

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Section: Mathematical Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold-model numerical study of raceway shape and size effect on gas and fines flow behaviour in packed bed between the raceway and cohesive zone

Bosco

Kamble

Lakshminarasimha

et al. 2023

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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“…High coal injection rates are sought to maximise coke replacement. Due to the short residence times in the raceway and the rapid consumption of free oxidants when the blast reaches the coke grid, there is generally a quantity of unbumt char that is blown beyond the raceway (Takeda et al 1986;Takamoto 1995). Studies at the BHP PCI Rig on 14 different coals ranging from 7 to 14% volatile matter showed that in all cases, the PCI coals were not completely combusted.…”

Section: Chapter 1 : Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the blast furnace operating parameters are optimised, no evidence exists of char carry-over at the top, even at high coal injection rates of 200kg/t hot metal (Steeghs and Gravemaker 1993). Unbumt char can stick to the slag phase in the upper regions of the furnace, or be blown into the deadman (Takamoto 1995), where it cannot contact reactive gases. At high injection rates of coals with high ash melting points, plugging of the coke grid voids becomes possible.…”

Section: Chapter 1 : Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The kinetics and mechanisms of char/slag reactions inside the iron blast furnace

Teasdale¹

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I wish to express my thanks to the many people who have helped, in various ways, in the endeavour that culminated in this thesis. Firstly, I'd like to thank my principal supervisor Peter Hayes, who pointed me in the right direction, and gave me invaluable assistance throughout the project. And also my industrial supervisor Jim Happ, for the stimulating discussions, and for the great help during the write-up. A big thanks to George Spatny, Barry Wood, and Owyne Radford, who helped me get the mass spectrometer operational, and without whom I'd probably still be poring over electronic flowsheets. Thanks to Baojun Zhao, and Nick Kinaev, for the EPMA and SEM work. Thanks also to Bill Adams for putting the Pyrox furnace together, John Wedmaier, and Peter Matanovic, for teaching me how to use a screwdriver, and Andy Wu, who was great company when nothing was working. Appreciation for the efforts of those souls who cheerfully proofread my thesis-Penny, Steve, and particularly Elli, who put in the long hours. I'd also like to thank all those people who made the experience so much more than just a PhD. My housemates Elli, Kerstin, Bemie, and Brett, with whom I shared many long evenings on the kitchen floor, my sisters Penny and Janine, who always showed me a good time, even when I had to be dragged out, and to Steve who gave me perspective, and a smile. I'd also like to thank my parents, who gave me immeasurable support and encouragement, and many enjoyable Sunday evenings. Thanks also to my office buddies, and all the people in the department who provided friendship and entertainment.

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Quantitative Measurement and Analysis of Powder Holdups in a Packed Bed in the Presence of Internal Blocks and Raceway

Lakshminarasimha,

Bosco,

Gadi

et al. 2023

Metall Mater Trans B

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Technology of high-rate pulverized coal injection into blast furnace

Cited by 3 publications

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Cold-model numerical study of raceway shape and size effect on gas and fines flow behaviour in packed bed between the raceway and cohesive zone

Cold-model numerical study of raceway shape and size effect on gas and fines flow behaviour in packed bed between the raceway and cohesive zone

The kinetics and mechanisms of char/slag reactions inside the iron blast furnace

Quantitative Measurement and Analysis of Powder Holdups in a Packed Bed in the Presence of Internal Blocks and Raceway

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Technology of high-rate pulverized coal injection into blast furnace

Cited by 3 publications

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Cold-model numerical study of raceway shape and size effect on gas and fines flow behaviour in packed bed between the raceway and cohesive zone

Cold-model numerical study of raceway shape and size effect on gas and fines flow behaviour in packed bed between the raceway and cohesive zone

The kinetics and mechanisms of char/​slag reactions inside the iron blast furnace

Quantitative Measurement and Analysis of Powder Holdups in a Packed Bed in the Presence of Internal Blocks and Raceway

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The kinetics and mechanisms of char/slag reactions inside the iron blast furnace