Technology, Safety and Costs of Decommissioning a Reference Low-Level Waste Burial Ground. Main Report

Murphy, Ellyn M.; Holter, G.M.

doi:10.2172/1074128

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The estimate of the conditions generated and the quantity of radionuclides airborne are based upon scenarios (sequences of events and their consequences). Scenarios were chosen from accidents and abnormal operations that have occurred in waste handling/processing facilities used in the past or from reports of the consequences of potential accidents and abnormal events for proposed similar waste operations (Hayward and Jensen 1980, DOE 1982, Murphy and Holter 1980, Richardson 1980.…”

Section: Technical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential radiological impacts of upper-bound operational accidents during proposed waste disposal alternatives for Hanford defense waste

Mishima¹,

Sutter²,

Hawley³

et al. 1986

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Three alternatives are being evaluated for disposal of Hanford defense high-level~ transuranic, and tank wastes. The wastes have been identifiedexisting tank waste, future tank waste, cesium and strontium capsules, transuranic (TRU) contaminated soil, pre-1970 buried TRU solids, and retrievably stored and newly generated TRU solid waste. The three alternatives are the Geologic Disposal Alternative, the In-Place Stabilization and Disposal Alternative and the Reference Disposal Alternative. Environmental impacts associated with disposal of these wastes according to the alternatives listed above include potential doses to the downwind population from operation during the application of the handling and processing techniques comprising each disposal alternative. Scenarios for operational accident and abnormal operational events are postulated, on the basis of the currently available information, for the application of the techniques employed for each waste class for each disposal alternative. From these scenarios, an upper-bound airborne release of radioactive material was postulated for each waste class and disposal alternative. Potential downwind radiologic impacts were calculated from these upper-bound events. The dose to the maximally exposed individual and the total downwind population dose were obtained by using standard radionuclide transport and dose computer codes. The meteorological data used for the transport were selected from data collected at the Hanford Site over many years. Demographic data for the locale was taken from published information. In all three alternatives, the single postulated event with the largest calculated radiologic impact for any waste class is an explosion of a mixture of ferri/ferro cyanide precipitates during the mechanical retrieval or microwave drying of the salt cake in single shell waste tanks. The anticipated downwind dose (70-year dose commitment) to the maximally exposed individual is 3 rem with a total population dose of 7000 man-rem. The same individual would receive 7 rem from natural background radiation during the same time period, and the same population would receive 3,000,000 man-rem. Radiological impacts to the public from all other postulated accidents would be less than that from v this accident; furthermore, the radiological impacts resulting from this accident would be less than one-half that from the nat"Jral background radiation dose. Since tnis is the postulated accident for each of the disposal alternatives, operational accidents in general should not constitute an important discrimination among alternatives.

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Section: Technical Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential radiological impacts of upper-bound operational accidents during proposed waste disposal alternatives for Hanford defense waste

Mishima¹,

Sutter²,

Hawley³

et al. 1986

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“…The MAXI program (Murphy and Holter 1980) is used to calculate a maximum annual dose to an individual from residual contamination after a nuclear facility has been decommissioned and returned to unrestricted use or converted from a nuclear installation. The individual can either be an office worker in a converted building, who is exposed to inhalation and direct radiation, or someone exposed to pathways as complex as those of a farmer growing crops and living on the site of a former nuclear facility.…”

Section: Maximentioning

confidence: 99%

Hanford Dose Overview Program: standardized methods and data for Hanford environmental dose calculations. Rev. 1

McCormack¹,

Ramsdell²,

Napier³

1984

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“…These models are used in computer programs designed to simulate the environmental behavior of radionuclides and to calculate pathway-specific radiation doses. Each computer program used in this study has been separately documented and used in other studies conducted by Battelle (Schneider and Jenkins 1977;Oak et al 1980;Murphy and Holter 1980). The computer programs access various standardized data libraries that contain pathway-specific data.…”

Section: Radiation Exposure Pathways and Dose Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Removable Surface Contamination on Radioactive Materials Transportation Containers

Kennedy¹,

Watson²,

Murphy³

et al. 1981

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This report contains the results of a study sponsored by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) of removable surface contamination on radioactive materials transportation containers. The purpose of the study is to provide information to the NRC during their review of existing regulations. Data was obtained from both industry and literature on three major topics: 1) radiation doses, 2) economic costs, and 3) contamination frequencies. Containers for four categories of radioactive materials are considered including radiopharmaceuticals, industrial sources, nuclear fuel cycle materials, and low-level radioactive waste. Assumptions made in this study use current information to obtain realistic yet conservative estimates of radiation dose and economic costs. Collective and individual radiation doses are presented for each container category on a per container basis. Total doses, to workers and the public, are also presented for spent fuel cask and low-level waste drum decontamination. Estimates of the additional economic costs incurred by lowering current limits by factors of 10 and 100 are presented. Current contamination levels for each category of container are estimated from the data collected. The information contained in this report is designed to be useful to the NRC in preparing their recommendations for new regulations.iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT •.• L1 ST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND STUDY CONTRIBUTORS 1. ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe authors would like to thank all of the companies and their representatives who provided data and information for our analysis. Without

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Technology, Safety and Costs of Decommissioning a Reference Low-Level Waste Burial Ground. Main Report

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Potential radiological impacts of upper-bound operational accidents during proposed waste disposal alternatives for Hanford defense waste

Potential radiological impacts of upper-bound operational accidents during proposed waste disposal alternatives for Hanford defense waste

Hanford Dose Overview Program: standardized methods and data for Hanford environmental dose calculations. Rev. 1

A Review of Removable Surface Contamination on Radioactive Materials Transportation Containers

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