Technology transfer: Industry-funded academic inventions boost innovation

Wright, Brian D.; Drivas, Kyriakos; Lei, Zhen; Merrill, Stephen J.

doi:10.1038/507297a

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…As highlighted by Wright et al 2014, corporate-sponsored research can be surpris-ingly valuable for further innovation, and are licensed and cited more often than public sponsored research. Scholars, policymakers and practitioners should remember that AE is one among many means of transferring knowledge from universities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Klofsten and Jones-Evans (2000) suggest that contract research is a mechanism that allows for the commercialization of academic research without such brain drain. At the same time, most academics engage with industry not primarily to pursue commercialization but to further their research agenda (D'Este and Perkmann 2011; Wright et al 2014). Contract research thus represents an alternative commercialization mechanism compared to e.g.…”

Section: Incentives and Motives For Engaging In Academic Entrepreneurmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Public policy for academic entrepreneurship initiatives: a review and critical discussion

et al. 2016

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This article provides a critical review and discussion of current literature on technology transfer, incubators, and academic entrepreneurship. Drawing upon the notion of robustness in social systems and public choice theory, we review, code, and taxonomize 166 studies to assess the likelihood that these initiatives will generate innovation and economic growth. We find that academic entrepreneurship initiatives are characterized by conflicting goals, weak incentive structures for universities and academics, and are contextually dependent upon factors such as university strength. Our results suggest that there are critical boundary conditions that are unlikely to be fulfilled when universities and policymakers enact policies to support academic entrepreneurship initiatives. Policymakers therefore need to be cautious in the potential design of such initiatives. We discuss how technology transfer from universities might be better achieved through alternative mechanisms such as contract research, licensing, consulting and increased labor mobility among researchers.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Incentives and Motives For Engaging In Academic Entrepreneurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public policy for academic entrepreneurship initiatives: a review and critical discussion

et al. 2016

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“…The inventions sponsored by private corporations do not have limited applications, directed only to business interests, but they result in as much as social benefits as those sponsored by public institutions. 18 The 19 In the framework of recovery of national investments in science it should be pointed that in Brazil the production of science is essentially restricted to public universities and some research institutes. Despite the magnitude of its budget, the University of São Paulo (USP) does not have resources to directly fund research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Brazil, the Federal government has included the productive pharmaceutical chain as a priority target in its industrial politics. 3,4 The National Bank for Social Development (NBSD) has collaborated in the process of discussion, elaboration and execution of this politics and in the possibility to offer credit for the national chemical and pharmaceutical productive sector. This initiative is important since, according to the World Bank, investments in science & technology are directly related to a country's social and economic development in addition to its dependency upon foreign technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This initiative is important since, according to the World Bank, investments in science & technology are directly related to a country's social and economic development in addition to its dependency upon foreign technology. [3][4][5] The Support Funds for Scientific and Technological Development comprise a innovate mechanism to stimulate the strengthening of the national system of Science & Technology. Its resources originate from incident contributions from the billing from companies and/or from exploration of resources from the Union, portions from the taxes on industrialized products from certain sectors and from the Contribution of Intervention in the Economical Domain (CIED) incident upon values which remunerate the use or acquisition of technological knowledge/technology transfer from abroad.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Funding of clinical trials in Brazil for the development of new drugs: who are the sponsors?

Silva¹,

Amato

Novaes

2015

Int J Clin Trials

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Background: A low rate of investment in science it is directly impacts the technological independence and capacity in health care costs. Knowledge of funding sources is critical to understand the problem and formulates hypotheses for future studies.Methods: Two databases were used: the System for Control of Clinical Research (SCCR) from the Brazilian Health Surveillance Agency (Anvisa), and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). Results: From 2009 to 2012, 77% of the clinical trials approved by Anvisa were sponsored by transnational pharmaceutical industry. On the other hand, the national pharmaceutical industry sponsored 8% of the trials over the same period. The most frequent sponsor of clinical trials involving drugs registered in the ICTRP from 2011 to 2012 was the transnational pharmaceutical industry (43%). Among the trials with national sponsors, are those involving neglected diseases such as chronic hepatitis C (ICD X B18.2), cutaneous leishmaniasis (ICD X B55.1) and yellow fever (ICD X A95), which were all sponsored by national governmental foundations. None of the active pharmaceutical ingredients studied by the transnational pharmaceutical industry or the transnational biopharmaceutical company were in the national list of essential medicines. On the other hand, 83% and 66.6% of the active pharmaceutical ingredients studied by national private universities and the international governmental agency, respectively, are in the national list of essential medicines. Conclusions: The national pharmaceutical industry and government still invests little in Research and Development (R&D) activities, when compared with transnational industries. This affects directly its technological and innovation ability.

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Public agricultural research, political economy, and climate change: A literature review

Miao,

Ulucak,

Zilberman

2024

Applied Eco Perspectives Pol

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Impacted by both economic and political forces, agricultural research serves as a critical approach to alleviating the adverse effects of climate change. Focusing on public agricultural research in the United States, this paper provides a literature review on research and development from the perspectives of the market environment and political economy. It also examines the current assessment of agricultural research effectiveness in addressing the challenges of climate change. A bibliometric analysis is conducted to appreciate the knowledge dynamics in the nexus of agricultural research, political economy, and climate change. Future research directions related to public agricultural research are discussed.

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Technology transfer: Industry-funded academic inventions boost innovation

Cited by 50 publications

References 5 publications

Public policy for academic entrepreneurship initiatives: a review and critical discussion

Public policy for academic entrepreneurship initiatives: a review and critical discussion

Funding of clinical trials in Brazil for the development of new drugs: who are the sponsors?

Public agricultural research, political economy, and climate change: A literature review

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