“…28. Some articles describing the higher efficiency of (hydrogen) fuel cells compared to gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines are by Thomas et al (1998), Ogden, Steinbugler andKreutz 1999, Cacciola, Antonucci andFreni (2001), Conte et al (2001), Hackney and de Neufville (2001) and Thomas et al (2000). 29.…”
“…28. Some articles describing the higher efficiency of (hydrogen) fuel cells compared to gasoline and diesel internal combustion engines are by Thomas et al (1998), Ogden, Steinbugler andKreutz 1999, Cacciola, Antonucci andFreni (2001), Conte et al (2001), Hackney and de Neufville (2001) and Thomas et al (2000). 29.…”
“…The specific area was calculated using the Vm value with the slope and the intercept values as determined using the Brunauer-Emlimelight for use in next-generation mobile devices. Due to these advantages, DMFCs are receiving attention as an optimal power source that could be used to replace primary and secondary cells, which emit environmental pollution when discarded [4,5].…”
Section: Analysis Of Shape and Electrochemical Quality Of The Catalystmentioning
Physical and electrochemical qualities were analyzed after KOH activation of a direct methanol fuel cell using needle coke as anode supporter. The results of research on support loaded with platinum-ruthenium suggest that an activated KOH needle coke container has the lowest onset potential and the highest degree of catalyst activity among all commercial catalysts. Through an analysis of the CO stripping voltammetry, we found that KOH activated catalysis showed a 21% higher electrochemical active surface area (ECSA), with a value of 31.37 m 2 /g, than the ECSA of deactivated catalyst (25.82 m 2 /g). The latter figure was 15% higher than the value of one specific commercial catalyst (TEC86E86).
“…Research in the area of fuel cells has exponentially grown over the last 20 years [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], especially in PEM fuel cells. These are inexpensive to operate and give the highest efficiency compared to other types of fuel cells.…”
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) containing Nafion composite membranes were prepared via melt‐blending at 250 °C. Using three different types of CNTs such as pure CNTs (pCNTs), oxidised CNTs (oCNTs) and amine functionalised CNTs (fCNTs); the effect of CNTs surface oxidation as well as functionalisation in composite membranes was investigated by focussing on three aspects: thermo‐mechanical stability, thermal degradation and proton conductivity. The oCNTs‐containing Nafion composite membrane exhibited concurrent improvement in most of the properties as compared to that of pure Nafion or other CNTs‐containing Nafion composite membranes.
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