Tectonic and morphosedimentary features of the 2010 Chile earthquake and tsunami in the Arauco Gulf and Mataquito River (Central Chile)

Lario, Javier; Zazo, Caridad; Goy, José Luis Goy

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.05.019

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…and subsiding sites of the Mataquito River, sand deposits, pebble and cobble sediments are thicker (Lario et al, 2016). The main tsunami parameters surveyed in both areas were a run-up to 12m in Arauco Gulf with nearly 1.2km of inundation in embayment areas and to 3.9km in tidal channels.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Some days later, several ITST's (International Tsunami Survey Team), from UNESCO surveyed the effect of the tsunami, some focusing on the sedimentary record. In all cases tsunami run-up elevations and morphological changes were highly variable over short alongshore distances as a result local amplification effects due to alongshore variations in the tsunami wave heights, offshore bathymetry, shoreline orientations and onshore topography (Fritz et al, 2011;Lario et al, 2016;Morton et al, 2011).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…From 17 th to 30 th March a survey of the tsunami sedimentary record was carried out (Lario et al, 2016). Water levels were established based on watermarks in buildings and vegetation and on local people reports.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This model predicted uplift deformation in the Arauco Peninsula and stability in the Mataquito River area. With this premises, according to Lario et al (2016) the two areas selected to survey were: i) the Arauco Gulf and surrounding coast, swept by the tsunami and affected by a co-seismic uplift of up to 2.5m, with emersion of the marine platform and tidal areas, and ii) Mataquito River area, where co-seismic subsidence was observed. In the uplifted Arauco sector, the co-seismic deformation seems to have increased backwash of remobilized sediments, leaving the observed thin deposits.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Location map of the two studied areas. Land deformation (uplift: +; subsidence: −) from surface deformation models published just after the earthquake by Sladen (2010) (adapted from Lario et al, 2016). A) General overview of central Chilean coast.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Assessing tsunami risk requires knowledge of the potential inundation area, which can be inferred from the spatial distribution of tsunami deposits. However, field surveys of tsunami deposits are time‐consuming and occasionally pose challenges, such as disturbance of sedimentary evidence by human and natural causes. Here, we propose a novel technique capable of mapping tsunami deposits using remote sensing, which was tested along a coastal stretch of central Chile following the tsunami of 27 February 2010. We trained a classification model using high‐resolution satellite images from before (September 2004 and January 2005) and after (April 2010) the 2010 tsunami to map the sand deposit, yielding an overall accuracy of about 86%. Our satellite mapping of the deposit was validated with field observations in pits and eyewitness interviews conducted about a decade after the tsunami. The field data matched the model predictions by 88%. Likewise, our satellite mapping was also contrasted with the inundation area reported by previous post‐tsunami surveys. The spatial distribution of the tsunami sand deposit inferred from our model reproduces a minimum inundation area, which was almost as extensive as the actual inundation area. Sand inundation ranged from 50 to 600 m inland, matching about 90% of water inundation. Both sand and water inundation were controlled by the land slope. Application of our technique to a satellite image from 11 years after the tsunami (May 2021) shows that the detection ability of the sand deposit was lost by about 86%, which is attributed to human intervention and masking by new soil development. Our results suggest that extensive tsunami deposits can be accurately mapped by a supervised classification model in a lesser time than that employed in field surveys.

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El Yali National Reserve: A System of Coastal Wetlands in the Southern Hemisphere Affected by Contemporary Climate Change and Tsunamis

Contreras-López

Salcedo-Castro

Cortés-Molina

et al. 2017

Coastal Wetlands: Alteration and Remediation

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Tectonic and morphosedimentary features of the 2010 Chile earthquake and tsunami in the Arauco Gulf and Mataquito River (Central Chile)

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

The importance of coastal geomorphological setting as a controlling factor on microtextural...

The importance of coastal geomorphological setting as a controlling factor on microtextural...

Mapping tsunami deposits through a classification model based on satellite images

El Yali National Reserve: A System of Coastal Wetlands in the Southern Hemisphere Affected by Contemporary Climate Change and Tsunamis

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