Tectonic configuration of the Apuseni–Banat—Timok–Srednogorie belt, Balkans-South Carpathians, constrained by high precision Re–Os molybdenite ages

Zimmerman, A.; Stein, Holly J.; Hannah, Judith L.; Kozelj, D.; Bogdanov, Kamen; Berza, Tudor

doi:10.1007/s00126-007-0149-z

Cited by 108 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The dominant tectonic process leading to metallogenic enrichment in the ABTS was most likely slab rollback, which may have occurred post-collision in the ABTS system and facilitated orogenic collapse (Zimmerman et al 2008). The porphyry deposits in the ABTS belt show high concentrations of Re, ranging from hundreds to thousands of parts per million, typical of subduction-related Cu-Au-Mo-(PGE) porphyry systems (Zimmerman et al 2008). Data on rhenium concentrations support a melt-metal source in fertile mantle or juvenile lower crust (or both).…”

Section: Source Of Rementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data on rhenium concentrations support a melt-metal source in fertile mantle or juvenile lower crust (or both). The Re content of molybdenite is up to 0.35 wt% in the Majdankpek Mo-Cu porphyry deposit, Bulgaria (Todorov & Staikov 1985) and up to 0.27 wt% in the Elatsite porphyry Cu deposit, Bulgaria (Zimmerman et al 2008). Although these are considered to be high concentrations, they are considerably lower than the Re content of molybdenite in the three porphyry Cu-Mo prospects in northern Greece (Pagoni Rachi, Maronia, and Melitena), which have Re contents ranging from 1.74 to 4.21 wt% Re (Arikas 1979, Filippidis et al 1986, Melfos et al 1991.…”

Section: Source Of Rementioning

confidence: 99%

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RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

Voudouris¹,

Melfos²,

Spry³

et al. 2009

The Canadian Mineralogist

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The porphyry-type Pagoni Rachi Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au prospect, in northern Greece, is a porphyry-epithermal system hosted by an Oligocene dacite porphyry and quartz-feldspar porphyry dikes. The rare mineral rheniite (ReS 2 ) and molybdenite, with very high contents of Re (up to 4.7 wt% Re), occur in quartz veins along with Fe-Cu sulfides, Pb-, Sn-, and Cl-bearing oxides, hematite, ilmenite and tellurides of Bi; these veins are spatially related to sericitic and transitional sericitic-sodic-potassic alteration. Earlier-formed gold-bearing quartz and magnetite veins with sodic-potassic-calcic alteration and late precious-metal telluride-rich carbonate-quartz veins with argillic alteration contain only minor amounts of molybdenite. The composition of rheniite ranges from almost pure, stoichiometric rheniite with low Mo content to rheniite with up to 5.99 wt% Mo. Petrographic, scanning electron microscope, and structural studies suggest that the high Re content of molybdenite from Pagoni Rachi is the result of the isovalent Re-for-Mo substitution in molybdenite. This fact is corroborated by the progressive shortening of the Mo-S mean bond-distance (from 2.414 Å in pure molybdenite to 2.355 Å), as well as by the isotropic decrease of the unit-cell values with the increase of the Re:Mo ratio. The structural analysis of four molybdenite crystals, with the highest Re content ever reported in nature, demonstrates that they crystallize as the 2H polytype and not the 3R polytype, as previously hypothesized, thus suggesting that Re concentration does not correlate with a specific polytype. The fluid inclusions in quartz in the Re-bearing molybdenite-rheniite veins at Pagoni Rachi show that they homogenize to either the liquid or vapor phases (354 to 428°C) or by halite dissolution at 317 to 585°C, which equates to salinities of 40 to 59 wt% NaCl equiv. Rheniite and molybdenite likely precipitated as temperatures fell below 400°C during phase separation under relatively oxidizing conditions, at elevated chlorine activity, and from relatively acid hydrothermal solutions. However, the presence of Pb oxides, Sn-bearing minerals and tellurides § E-mail address: voudouris@geol.uoa.gr 1014 thE CanaDian MinERalogist is compelling evidence that rheniite and Re-rich molybdenite may have formed directly from the vapor as sublimates, in a manner similar to the way they are deposited at the Kudriavy volcano, Kurile Islands.Keywords: porphyry-epithermal deposit, rheniite, Re-rich molybdenite, polytype, phase separation, tellurides, sublimates, Pagoni Rachi, Greece.soMMaiRE L'indice minéralisé en Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au de Pagoni Rachi, de type porphyre, situé dans le nord de la Grèce, est un système épithermal encaissé par un porphyre dacitique oligocène et des filons de porphyre quartzofeldspathique. Nous y avons trouvé la rhéniïte (ReS 2 ), espèce rare, et la molybdénite très enrichie en Re (jusqu'à 4.7% Re, poids), dans des veines de quartz avec des sulfures de Fe-Cu, des oxydes contenant Pb, Sn, et Cl, l'hématite, l'ilménite et des tellurure...

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Section: Source Of Rementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Source Of Rementioning

confidence: 99%

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

Voudouris¹,

Melfos²,

Spry³

et al. 2009

The Canadian Mineralogist

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“…Porphyry Cu deposits typically have been formed along subduction-related convergent plate margins associated with island arcs and continental arcs or in extensional back-arc or post-collisional rift settings [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rhenium-osmium (Re-Os) ages and Re content data for molybdenites from the porphyry deposits in the Apuseni-Banat-Timok-Srednogorie (ABTS) magmatic metallogenic belt have shown high to extremely high Re and constrain the geochemical-metallogenic evolution of the belt in space and time [10]. The highest Re (thousands of ppm) and 187 Os (thousands of ppb) values were recorded in the Elatsite Cu-Au-Mo-(PGE) porphyry deposit, reflecting probably higher contribution from mantle of post-collisional mantle-derived magmas [49][50][51].…”

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confidence: 99%

Critical Factors Controlling Pd and Pt Potential in Porphyry Cu–Au Deposits: Evidence from the Balkan Peninsula

Eliopoulos

Economou-Eliopoulos

Zelyaskova-Panayiotova

2014

Geosciences

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Porphyry Cu-Au-Pd±Pt deposits are significant Au resources, but their Pd and Pt potential is still unknown. Elevated Pd, Pt (hundreds of ppb) and Au contents are associated with typical stockwork magnetite-bornite-chalcopyrite assemblages, at the central parts of certain porphyry deposits. Unexpected high grade Cu-(Pd+Pt) (up to 6 ppm) mineralization with high Pd/Pt ratios at the Elatsite porphyry deposit, which is found in a spatial association with the Chelopech epithermal deposit (Bulgaria) and the Skouries porphyry deposit, may have formed during late stages of an evolved hydrothermal system. Estimated Pd, Pt and Au potential for porphyry deposits is consistent with literature model calculations demonstrating the capacity of aqueous vapor and brine to scavenge sufficient quantities of Pt and Pd, and could contribute to the global platinum-group element (PGE) production. Critical requirements controlling potential of porphyry deposits may be from the metals contained in magma (metasomatized asthenospheric mantle wedge as indicated by significant Cr, Co, Ni and Re contents). The Cr content may be an indicator for the mantle input.

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“…The Late Cretaceous ore-bearing magmatism lasted over 25 Ma (from ca. 92 to 65 Ma) and more than 50 important deposits and occurrences are genetically and spatially associated with "banatites" (see reviews: Ciobanu et al 2002;von Quadt et al 2005;Zimmerman et al 2008). However, Late Cretaceous magmatism is scarce within the western part of the ABCD belt where only minor aplite and pegmatite veins are reported to accompany Cretaceous metamorphism in the Alps and mineral deposits contrast with contemporaneous metamorphogenic siderite/ magnesite/talc and hydrothermal Cu vein deposits exposed in the Eastern Alps and Western Carpathians (Neubauer 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-Os and U-Th-Pb dating of the Rochovce granite and its mineralization (Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

Kohút¹,

Stein²,

Uher³

et al. 2013

Geologica Carpathica

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The subsurface Rochovce granite intrusion was emplaced into the contact zone between two principal tectonic units (the Veporic Unit and the Gemeric Unit) of the Central Western Carpathians (CWC), Slovakia. The Cretaceous age of this granite and its Mo-W mineralization is shown using two independent methods: U-Pb on zircon and Re-Os on molybdenite. The studied zircons have a typical homogeneous character with oscillatory zoning and scarce restite cores. SHRIMP U-Pb data provide an age of 81.5 ± 0.7 Ma, whereas restite cores suggest a latest Neoproterozoic-Ediacaran age (~565 Ma) source. Zircon εHf(81) values -5.2 to + 0.2 suggest a lower crustal source, whereas one from the Neoproterozoic core εHf(565)= + 7.4 call for the mantle influenced old precursor. Two molybdenite- bearing samples of very different character affirm a genetic relation between W-Mo mineralization and the Rochovce granite. One sample, a quartz-molybdenite vein from the exocontact (altered quartz-sericite schist of the Ochtiná Formation), provides a Re-Os age of 81.4 ± 0.3 Ma. The second molybdenite occurs as 1-2 mm disseminations in finegrained granite, and provides an age of 81.6 ± 0.3 Ma. Both Re-Os ages are identical within their 2-sigma analytical uncertainty and suggest rapid exhumation as a consequence of post-collisional, orogen-parallel extension and unroofing. The Rochovce granite represents the northernmost occurrence of Cretaceous calc-alkaline magmatism with Mo-W mineralization associated with the Alpine-Balkan-Carpathian-Dinaride metallogenic belt.

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Tectonic configuration of the Apuseni–Banat—Timok–Srednogorie belt, Balkans-South Carpathians, constrained by high precision Re–Os molybdenite ages

Cited by 108 publications

References 74 publications

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

RHENIUM-RICH MOLYBDENITE AND RHENIITE IN THE PAGONI RACHI Mo-Cu-Te-Ag-Au PROSPECT, NORTHERN GREECE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE Re GEOCHEMISTRY OF PORPHYRY-STYLE Cu-Mo AND Mo MINERALIZATION

Critical Factors Controlling Pd and Pt Potential in Porphyry Cu–Au Deposits: Evidence from the Balkan Peninsula

Re-Os and U-Th-Pb dating of the Rochovce granite and its mineralization (Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

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