Tectonic evolution of the Ganos segment of the North Anatolian Fault (NW Turkey)

Electrical conductivity of a locked fault: investigation of the Ganos segment of the North Anatolian Fault using three-dimensional magnetotellurics

“…b Geological map of the study area modified after M > 7 is 323 ± 142 years with an average coseismic slip rate of 5.25 m (Meghraoui et al 2012). Motagh et al (2007) created viscoelastic and elastic half-space models by designing inversion schemes based on geodetic data to determine the interseismic deformation pattern along the GF and estimated a locking depth of ~8-17 km using both models, which is in good agreement with the observed seismicity (Janssen et al 2009;Öztürk et al 2015).…”

“…Based on faultfluid flow models of Caine et al (1996), it is unlikely to observe barrier-like mechanisms at the GF because the damage zone is too broad to be compared with the core width. Hence, the fluid transfer around the GF can be classified as distributed conduit in reference to its spatial Janssen et al (2009) suggested that the damage zone of the GF is composed of anastomosing strands of fault gouges instead of a continuous main fault based on observations at the Carboneras Fault (CF) in Spain (Faulkner et al 2003). Although it is hard to resolve the subsidiary gouge layers based on the resistivity models, high electrical anisotropy levels should be observed all around the study area to confirm such a model.…”

“…The GF has produced large earthquakes (e.g., October 18, 1343, and August 5, 1766) in the past; the last important event occurred near Mürefte in 1912(Ambraseys 2002. Because there is a certain lack of seismicity, the fault can be considered as seismic gap, unable to produce salient events between earthquake cycles (Tüysüz et al 1998;Janssen et al 2009;Öztürk et al 2015). Paleoseismological studies of the GF showed that the recurrence interval of the events with Fig.…”

“…The GF was previously examined using geological, geodetic, and seismological tools (Okay et al 1999;Rockwell et al 2001;Yaltırak and Alpar 2002;Okay et al 2004;Seeber et al 2004;Motagh et al 2007;Janssen et al 2009;Okay et al 2010;Özcan et al 2010;Öztürk et al 2015) to decipher its tectonic evolution, morphological and structural properties, and fault-fluid relations.…”

Repeating Marmara Sea earthquakes: indication for fault creep

“…Most of this deformation occurs along the northern fault strand below the Sea of Marmara (Reilinger et al 2006;Hergert & Heidbach 2011). There, the most recent magnitude M > 7 earthquakes were the 1912 Mürefte-Ganos event in the west (Ambraseys 1970;Janssen et al 2009) and the 1999 Izmit and Düzce events in the east (Barka et al 2002;Bohnhoff et al 2016b, Fig. 1a).…”