Tectonic Subsidence Analysis of the Illinois Basin

Heidlauf, D.T.; Hsui, Albert T.; Klein, George deV.

doi:10.1086/629087

Cited by 46 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…They assumed that the intrusion of hot matter beneath the basin cooled, contracted, and acted as a load. Heidlauf, Hsui & Klein (1986) suggested that thermal subsidence of the Illinois Basin was in response to mantle intrusion which formed a rift system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical models of a subsidence mechanism in intracratonic basins: application to North American basins

Naimark

Ismail‐Zadeh

1995

Geophysical Journal International

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S U M M A R YMcKenzie's model of sedimentary basin evolution and its modification, widely used in geophysics, sometimes fails to explain discrepancies between predicted and observed values of extension, thinning and subsidence of the Earth's crust, as for the North Sea. We develop a numerical model of sedimentary basin evolution based on the mechanism suggested by Lobkovsky. In the course of rifting, accompanied by thinning of lower parts of the lithosphere, the roof of the underlying asthenosphere moves upward. The material of the mantle lifts and partially melts owing to the reduction of pressure. The density difference between the melt and the crystalline skeleton results in the filtration of the lighter melt and its accumulation in the form of a magmatic lens. Due to changed P-T conditions, the material of the lens undergoes the gabbro-eclogite phase transformation. The resultant anomalously heavy eclogite lens sinks in the surrounding material. This induces a viscous flow, changing the surface topography and forming a sedimentary basin. We construct a 2-D numerical model describing a viscous flow induced by subsidence of a heavy body and compute changes of surface topography. To compute the flow we employ the Galerkin-spline approach, with modifications allowing for density discontinuities and time dependence of the phase transformation. We apply the model to the cases of the Illinois, Michigan and Williston basins. The computed and tectonic subsidence curves agree well for these cases. The proposed model is compatible with the seismic structure of the crust and upper mantle below these basins. The model is also consistent with gravity data. The approach is applicable to other intracratonic basins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical models of a subsidence mechanism in intracratonic basins: application to North American basins

Naimark

Ismail‐Zadeh

1995

Geophysical Journal International

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“…The embayment was initially established during the latest Precambrian to Early Cambrian time when the Reelfoot Rift-Rough Creek Graben, a 'failed' rift, formed (Kolata & Nelson 1991a). After initial thermal subsidence during Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician time, the rate of subsidence decreased dramatically and remained relatively slow during most of the remainder of the Palaeozoic era (Heidlauf et al 1986;Kolata & Nelson 1991b;Kominz & Bond 1991;Treworgy et al 1991). An exception occurred during mid-Early Carboniferous time, when there was an apparent increase in the tectonic subsidence rate.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy of a Lower Carboniferous bryozoan-crinoidal carbonate ramp in the Illinois Basin, mid-continent USA

Lasemi

Norby

Treworgy

1998

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The Lower Carboniferous Fort Payne and Ullin Formations in the Illinois Basin form the transgressive and highstand systems tracts that were deposited in a carbonate ramp setting. During deposition of the Ullin Limestone, biotic communities dominated by fenestrate bryozoans and echinoderms (primarily crinoids) proliferated, possibly in response to global tectonic, biological, and oceanographic events that affected bathymetry and nutrient supply. The Fort Payne Formation consists of a dark grey-brown, siliceous and argillaceous lime mudstone in the lower part (transgressive systems tract) and a very fine-grained wackestone to packstone with rare mud mounds in the upper part (early highstand), and was deposited in an outer ramp to basinal environment. During deposition of the lower Ullin Limestone (mostly early highstand), hryozoan-crinoidal build-ups accreted both laterally and vertically into several relatively large carbonate banks, which were partly surrounded by siliceous Fort Payne sea. Bryozoans (primarily fenestrates) were especially prevalent during the late stage of bank development and formed mud-free bioherms up to 120 m thick. In places, carbonate mud mounds also formed during the early stage of bank deposition. Bioherm development declined during deposition of the upper Ullin Limestone (late highstand), and a broad, storm-dominated carbonate ramp was established that became the site for widespread deposition of bryozoan-crinoidal sandwaves. Gradual shallowing led to ooid formation at the end of Ullin deposition. This sequence was terminated by a relative rise in sea level that resulted in deposition of the transgressive facies of the lower part of the overlying Salem Limestone. The depositional style and the nature of skeletal material of the Fort Payne and Ullin Formations are similar to those of cool-water carbonates. A deep-water setting along with upwelling of cool, nutrient-rich oceanic waters may have been responsible for the proliferation of bryozoans and crinoids at this time. The deep-water setting and abundant nutrient supply also may have restricted the formation of ooids and proliferation of shallow-water calcareous organisms.

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“…Important insights regarding the early tectonic history of the southern Illinois Basin are revealed by newly available highquality seismic reflection records discussed in detail by Bear et al (this volume), Drahovzal (this volume), McBride et al (this volume), and Potter et al (this volume). Tectonic subsidence curves (Heidlauf et aL, 1986;Kolata and Nelson, 1991b;Bond and Kominz, 1991) suggest that from Late Cambrian to late Middle Ordovician, thermal subsidence and isostasy were the primary mechanisms controlling development of the proto-IUinois Basin. Structural and stratigraphic analyses show that the basin began as a failed rift concurrent with the breakup of a supercontinent during late Precambrian to Middle Cambrian time.…”

Section: Tectonic Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Underpinnings and Neotectonics of the Southern Illinois Basin: An Overview

Kolata

Hildenbrand

1997

Seismological Research Letters

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The southern end of the Illinois Basin is one of the most structurally complex regions in the Midcontinent United States. Two major structural elements characterize this part of the basin: (1) A broad southwestward-plunging cratonic depression extends across central Illinois and southwestern Indiana. Investigations of historical and prehistorical earthquakes in this part of the basin indicate that moderate to high earthquake potential exists; the seismogenic sources, however, remain enigmatic. (2) The southernmost part of the basin is underlain by the Reelfoot Rift and Rough Creek Graben, a rift system that formed during late Precambrian to Middle Cambrian time. Geodynamic processes operating within the rift since the late Precambrian have had a major influence on the tectonic, diagenetic, and depositional history of the region. In addition, tectonic compressive stress appears to be reactivating ancient faults within the Reelfoot Rift, resulting in coherent linear segments of earthquake epicenters called the New Madrid Seismic Zone. Geological and geophysical information suggests that the cause of earthquakes in the New Madrid Seismic Zone is unrelated to that in the region north of the rift system.

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Tectonic Subsidence Analysis of the Illinois Basin

Cited by 46 publications

References 26 publications

Numerical models of a subsidence mechanism in intracratonic basins: application to North American basins

Numerical models of a subsidence mechanism in intracratonic basins: application to North American basins

Depositional facies and sequence stratigraphy of a Lower Carboniferous bryozoan-crinoidal carbonate ramp in the Illinois Basin, mid-continent USA

Structural Underpinnings and Neotectonics of the Southern Illinois Basin: An Overview

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