Tectonics and distribution of gold deposits in China – an overview

Zhou, Taihe; Goldfarb, Richard J.; Phillips, Neil

doi:10.1007/s00126-001-0237-4

Cited by 151 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Widespread 147-112 Ma magmatism included the intrusion of adakites, reflecting subduction of perhaps as many as three distinct slabs (Xu 1990;Zhang, L. C., et al 2000;Davis et al 2001;Wang et al 2001;Zhang, Q., et al 2001;Wei et al 2002;Davis, 2003;see also Castillo 2006). The formation of China's most important gold vein deposits occurred at the same time along the northern, eastern, and southern margins of the Eastern Block (Mao et al 1999;Zhou et al 2002;Yang, J.-H. et al 2003;Fan et al 2007). Unroofing of many metamorphic core complexes (c. 140-105 Ma), products of SE-NE extension (Niu 2005;Zhang et al 1994;Zheng et al 1998Zheng et al , 2001Zhang, Y. Q. et al 1998;Webb et al 1999;Zhang, Q., et al 2001;Davis et al 2002;Darby et al 2006;, and major animal extinctions were also significant in this period (Chen et al 1997;Wang et al 2001).…”

Section: Major Orogenic Belts Faults and Basinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic evolution of the North China Block: from orogen to craton to orogen

2007

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Section: Major Orogenic Belts Faults and Basinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic evolution of the North China Block: from orogen to craton to orogen

2007

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“…(4) The mineralized lodes formed over a broad upper-to middle-crustal P-T conditions, between about 100-500 MPa and 200-650 ∘ C [1,2,[4][5][6][7]. Orogenic gold deposits are extremely important gold exploration targets in China which comprise nearly 50% of the gold resources [8][9][10]. Most of the gold deposits in China concentrate in the North China Craton (NCC), and many of them have geological and geochemical signatures which suggest an orogenic gold mineralization style (e.g., [2,5,8,[11][12][13][14]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Orogenic gold deposits are extremely important gold exploration targets in China which comprise nearly 50% of the gold resources [8][9][10]. Most of the gold deposits in China concentrate in the North China Craton (NCC), and many of them have geological and geochemical signatures which suggest an orogenic gold mineralization style (e.g., [2,5,8,[11][12][13][14]). Previous studies on the gold deposits of NCC were mainly focused along the margin of the craton, such as the Jiaodong and Liaodong gold provinces (eastern margin), the Xiaoqinling gold province (southern margin), and the JibeiJidong and Chifeng-Chaoyang gold provinces (northern margin) (Figures 1(a) and 1(b)).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Evolution of the Ore-Forming Fluids in the Liyuan Gold Deposit, Central North China Craton: Constraints from Fluid Inclusions and H-O-C Isotopic Compositions

Xiong

et al. 2017

Geofluids

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The Liyuan gold deposit is hosted within Archean basement metamorphic rocks and controlled by the NNE-trending faults in the central North China Craton. The ore-forming processes can be divided into three stages (early, middle, and late). Three types of primary fluid inclusions (FIs) are identified in the Liyuan, including pure carbonic, carbonic-aqueous, and aqueous inclusions. The primary FIs of three stages are mainly homogenized at temperatures of 318-408 ∘ C, 201-329 ∘ C, and 136-229 ∘ C, with salinities of 2.1-8.9, 0.5-12.4, and 0.4-6.3 wt.% NaCl equivalent, respectively. The main Au mineralization is related to the middle stage, and water-rock interaction caused rapid precipitation of gold in this stage. The initial ore-forming fluids were likely magmatic water or metamorphic fluid and mixed with meteoric water at later stages. Due to the lack of granite body at the present mining levels, we speculate that it was magmatic water that might have been exsolved from a concealed granite body at greater depth or it was metamorphic fluid that was directly transported from depth via deep faults. Based on all the available geological and geochemical evidence, we suggest that the Liyuan deposit belongs to orogenic gold deposit that located in the interior North China Craton.

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“…Pirajno et al (1997) considered two alternative geneses for the deposit, an epithermal vein type subsequently modified during deformation and metamorphism and a syn-orogenic mesothermal lode type. Rui et al (2002) suggested a replacement type for the deposit whereas in the paper by Zhou et al (2002) the deposit was ascribed to an orogenic type. The aim of our study is to interpret fluid inclusion data, combined with isotopic data presented in a companion paper (Wang et al, 2003) and some other data published in recent years, to put further constraints on the genesis of the Kanggur gold deposit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1) in western Tianshan. Gold deposits in eastern Tianshan are usually small and show different types of gold mineralization (Pirajno et al, 1997;Rui et al, 2002;Zhou et al, 2002). Among these gold deposits, the Kanggur deposit (or Kanggurtag VI deposit) is a typical Au±Cu±Pb±Zn deposit and its genesis still remains uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genesis of Kanggur Gold Deposit in Eastern Tianshan Orogenic Belt, NW China: Fluid Inclusion and Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotope Constraints

Wang

Jiang

Wang³

et al. 2004

Resource Geology

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Primary fluid inclusions in quartz and carbonates from the Kanggur gold deposit are dominated by aqueous inclusions, with subsidiary CO 2 -H 2 O inclusions that have a constant range in CO 2 content (10~20 vol %). Microthermometric results indicate that total homogenization temperatures have a wide but similar range for both aqueous inclusions (120°to 310°C) and CO 2 -H 2 O inclusions (140°to 340°C). Estimates of fluid salinity for CO 2 -H 2 O inclusions are quite restricted (5.9~10.3 equiv. wt% NaCl), whereas aqueous inclusions show much wider salinity ranging from 2.2 to 15.6 equivalent wt % NaCl.The δD values of fluid inclusions in carbonates vary from -45 to -61 ‰, in well accord with the published δD values of fluid inclusions in quartz (-46 to -66 ‰). Most of the δ 18 O and δD values of the ore-forming fluids can be achieved by exchanged meteoric water after isotopic equilibration with wall rock by fluid/rock interaction at a low water/rock ratio. However, the exchanged meteoric water alone cannot explain the full range of δ 18 O and δD values, magmatic and/or metamorphic water should also be involved. The wide salinity in aqueous inclusions may also result from mixing of meteoric water and magmatic and/or metamorphic water.

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Tectonics and distribution of gold deposits in China – an overview

Cited by 151 publications

References 40 publications

Tectonic evolution of the North China Block: from orogen to craton to orogen

Tectonic evolution of the North China Block: from orogen to craton to orogen

Origin and Evolution of the Ore-Forming Fluids in the Liyuan Gold Deposit, Central North China Craton: Constraints from Fluid Inclusions and H-O-C Isotopic Compositions

Genesis of Kanggur Gold Deposit in Eastern Tianshan Orogenic Belt, NW China: Fluid Inclusion and Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotope Constraints

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