Tectonics and metallogeny of mainland Southeast Asia — A review and contribution

Zaw, Khin; Meffre, Sébastien; Lai, Chun‐Kit; Burrett, Clive; Santosh, M.; Graham, Ian T.; Manaka, T; Salam, Abhisit; Kamvong, Teera; Cromie, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2013.10.010

Cited by 252 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Indochina-Simao Block in the Permian-Triassic (Zaw et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2010). However, the precise timing of the initial collision of the Baoshan and Simao-Indochina blocks remains to be disputed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Lu-Hf isotopic compositions of the Wuliangshan metasediment rocks in SW Yunnan (China) and its provenance implications

Xing

Wang

Zhang³

2016

J. Earth Sci.

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The Wuliangshan Group occurs to the east of the Lancang giant igneous zone in SW Yunnan, and is mainly composed of low-grade metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. The group has been considered as the syn-orogenic product of the Baoshan with Simao-Indochina blocks. However, its depositional time and provenance remain to be poorly constrained. This paper presents zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf-isotopic data for five representative sandstone samples from the Wuliangshan Group. The detrital grains yield a major age-peak at ~259 Ma, and four subordinary age-peaks at ~1 859, ~941, ~788, and ~447 Ma, respectively. Our results suggest that the Wuliangshan metasedimentary sequence was deposited after Middle Triassic rather than previously-thought Cambrian. The detrital zircon age spectrum, along with in-situ Lu-Hf isotopic data suggest that the Wuliangshan Group might be a syncollisional sedimentary product related to the collision of Baoshan with Simao-Indochina blocks. It is inferred that the provenance of the Wuliangshan Group is mainly from the Simao/Yangtze blocks to the east rather than the Baoshan Block or Lancang igneous zone to the west. KEY WORDS: detrital zircon U-Pb dating, Lu-Hf isotopic composition, Wuliangshan sandstone sequence, Middle Triassic, Simao-Indochina. INTRODUCTIONThe SE Asia has been assembled by a series of collision and accretion processes involving numerous continental blocks or fragments separated from the East Gondwana since the Paleozoic (Faure et al., 2014;Metcalfe, 2006). The catchment areas of the Lancang, Jinsha and Nujiang rivers (also named Sanjiang in Chinese literature) in SW Yunnan (SW China) have preserved abundant paleotethyan heritages (e.g., the Lincang giant igneous zone) at which kilometer-thick Triassic volcanic rocks and Upper Triassic/Lower Jurassic molasse sediments are considered to have resulted from closure of the Paleotethys main ocean and subsequent continental collision (Peng et al., 2008(Peng et al., , 2006 Jian et al., 2003a, b;Mo et al., 1998;Zhong, 1998; Cong et al., 1993;Mahawat et al., 1990;Liu et al., 1989;Zhang et al., 1985).It has been commonly accepted that the Paleotethys main ocean was closed by an eastward subduction beneath the Indochina-Simao Block in the Permian-Triassic (Zaw et al., 2014;Wang et al., 2010). However, the precise timing of the initial collision of the Baoshan and Simao-Indochina blocks remains to be disputed. Previous studies focused on the origin of the Triassic igneous rocks along the Lancangjiang tectonic zone. Little attention has been paid to the coeval sedimentary rocks which preserved abundant geological records on the Paleotethyan tectonic evolution. The sedimentary rocks can provide key information to the time of closure of the Paleotethyan Ocean and subsequent collision of the Baoshan and Simao-Indochina blocks. The Wuliangshan Group occurs to the east of the Lancang giant igneous zone. It is mainly composed of low-grade metamorphosed sedimentary rocks. This group is likely syn-orogenic product of the Paleotethyan orog...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Lu-Hf isotopic compositions of the Wuliangshan metasediment rocks in SW Yunnan (China) and its provenance implications

Xing

Wang

Zhang³

2016

J. Earth Sci.

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“…( Figure 1(a); [4]). The Cretaceous belt is chronologically comparable to the plutono-volcanic rocks of the late stage of the Yanshanian Orogeny in SE China (140 -65 Ma) [5].…”

Section: Regional Tectonic Setting and Ore Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithogeochemistry of Intrusive Rocks in the Halo Porphyry Copper-Molybdenum Prospect, Northeast Cambodia

Sirisokha¹,

Yonezu²,

Tindell³

et al. 2019

OJG

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The Halo copper-molybdenum prospect is a porphyry system in Ratanakiri province, northeastern part of Cambodia. There is only one research was carried out on this prospect about geological mapping and short wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy on alteration mineral identification. The purpose of this research is to confirm the deposit type from previous Angkor Gold's report and find the centre of porphyry deposit based on characteristic of intrusive rocks at surface and subsurface, characteristics of the intrusive rocks and alteration lithogeochemistry of intrusive and volcanic rocks by using Pearce Element Ratio (PER) analysis. PER analysis was used to examine the nature and extend of the alteration halos in the porphyry Halo copper-molybdenum prospect. The intrusive rocks and volcanic rocks in Halo, range from diorite to granite (quartz feldspar porphyry) in composition as well as dacite to trachyandesite (andesite porphyry) in composition, respectively. They were formed in a subduction-related tectonic setting, likely a volcanic arc. Trace elements spider diagrams were normalized to primitive mantle display strong enrichment in large-ion lithophile elements such as Rb, Ba and K and depletion in some high-field strength elements such as Nb and Ti, suggesting magmas generated in a subduction-related tectonic setting. PER analysis indicates a moderate to high degree of sericite alteration of dacites, quartz feldspar porphyries, andesite porphyries and granodiorite porphyries. Moreover, three alterations in the Halo prospect such as potassic (secondary K-feldspar and biotite), phyllic (sericite) and propylitic (epidote) alteration were identified, which are consistent with petrography analysis.

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“…The Luang Prabang-Loei metallogenic belt is dominated by porphyry-related skarn type copper-gold deposits, and epithermal gold-silver deposits (Table 1; Figure 1b). The former ones are associated with the Early-Middle Triassic subalkalic to calc-alkaline quartz monzonite and diorite-monzodiorite (granodiorite) porphyry [42,43], while the later ones are associated with Early Permian to Late Triassic andesitic to rhyolitic volcanic/volcaniclastic units [44,45]. The Phapon gold deposit, nevertheless, shows significant differences from the above skarn or epithermal-type gold deposits (e.g., Qiu et al [46,47]), including ore-forming environment, wall rock alteration, mineralization style, and mineral assemblage (Table 1).…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1. Basic information of major gold deposits in the Luang Prabang-Loei metallogenic belt (collated from Zaw et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2017) [3,44]. The main brittle faults in the mining area can be divided into NE-trending and NNW-trending groups, and the latter group is the main ore-controlling structure of the Phapon gold deposit.…”

Section: Regional Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Earth Elements Geochemistry and C–O Isotope Characteristics of Hydrothermal Calcites: Implications for Fluid-Rock Reaction and Ore-Forming Processes in the Phapon Gold Deposit, NW Laos

et al. 2018

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The Phapon gold deposit is located in the northern Laos and the northern segments of the Luang Prabang–Loei metallogenic belt. The lode-gold orebodies consist of auriferous calcite veins in the middle, and the surrounding siderite alteration and hematite alteration zones in red color. This deposit is hosted in Lower Permian limestone and controlled by a NE-trending ductile–brittle fault system, and it is characterized by the wallrock alteration of carbonatization and lack of quartz and metal sulfides. The hydrothermal calcite from auriferous calcite veins and red alteration zone, as well as the wall rocks of limestone and sandstone were selected for rare earth elements (REE) and C–O isotope analyses. The two types of calcite and limestone have generally consistent REE patterns and δEu and δCe values, which are completely different from those of sandstone. Calcites from the auriferous vein show slight light rare earth elements (LREE)-depleted patterns and higher Tb/La and Sm/Nd ratios than the ones from the red alteration zone with slight LREE-enriched patterns. These values indicate that the calcites from the auriferous veins and the red alteration zones are products of homologous fluids, but the former ones are generally likely to form later than the latter ones. The hydrothermal calcites have C–O isotope compositions within the range of marine carbonate, and markedly different from the magmatic or mantle reservoir values. Taking the Y/Ho–La/Ho and Tb/Ca–Tb/La variations into consideration, we believe the hydrothermal calcites could be formed from remobilization and recrystallization of the ore-hosted limestone, and the fluid-wallrock interaction played a major role in the gold mineralization in Phapon. In combination with the regional and local geology, the ore-forming process is suspected to be primarily associated with dehydration and decarbonisation of the Lower Permian limestone and Middle–Upper Triassic sandstones. The Phapon gold deposit could have been formed during the Late Triassic–Jurassic regional dynamic metamorphism driven by Indochina–Sibumasu post-collisional magmatism. A number of features in Phapon are similar to epizonal orogenic deposit, but it is still a unique calcite vein type gold deposit in the Luang Prabang-Loei metallogenic belt.

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Tectonics and metallogeny of mainland Southeast Asia — A review and contribution

Cited by 252 publications

References 99 publications

Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Lu-Hf isotopic compositions of the Wuliangshan metasediment rocks in SW Yunnan (China) and its provenance implications

Detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and Lu-Hf isotopic compositions of the Wuliangshan metasediment rocks in SW Yunnan (China) and its provenance implications

Lithogeochemistry of Intrusive Rocks in the Halo Porphyry Copper-Molybdenum Prospect, Northeast Cambodia

Rare Earth Elements Geochemistry and C–O Isotope Characteristics of Hydrothermal Calcites: Implications for Fluid-Rock Reaction and Ore-Forming Processes in the Phapon Gold Deposit, NW Laos

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