Tectonics of the northern Himalaya since the India–Asia collision

Zhang, Jinjiang; Santosh, M.; Wang, Xiaoxian; Guo, Lei; Yang, Xiongying; Zhang, Bo

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2011.11.004

Cited by 206 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The Himalayan orogen in Gyirong area can also be divided into five units from south to north: the GHC, the STDS, the THS, the late Cenozoic sedimentary basins and the NHGD (Figure 2) [1]. The GHC is composed of two components separated by a north-dipping fault.…”

Section: Geological Setting and Sample Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These two domes are cored by two-mica granite/leucogranite and mylonitic granitic gneiss [23,24], mantled by garnet two-mica schist in the middle, and overlaid by the slate and phyllite of THS. The area of this study is located in the GHC where leucogranitic veins intruded into the gneiss ( Figure 2) [1].…”

Section: Geological Setting and Sample Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Himalayan orogen lies between the Yarlung Zangbo suture (YLZBS) to the north and the Main frontal Thrust (MFT) to the south, and comprises, from north to south, the Tethyan Himalaya sequence (THS), Greater Himalayan crystalline complex (GHC), Lesser Himalaya sequence (LHS) and Siwalik foreland basin sediments, separated by the south Tibet detachment system (STDS), Main Central Thrust (MCT), Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) and the MFT respectively ( Figure 1) [1][2][3]. In southern Himalaya, the intense orogeny formed the south Himalayan thrust system, which consists of, successively from north to south, MCT, MBT and MFT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, the northern Himalayan domain is characterized by extensional structures including STDS, the north Himalayan gneiss dome (NHGD), and the northsouth trending rift (NSTR). Recent studies have revealed that the different orogenic processes were controlled by different tectonic regimes and the resultant structural architecture [1] as follows. (1) Prior to 36-32 Ma (from late Eocene to early Oligocene), the Himalayan orogen was controlled by N-S contraction regime and experienced an early shorting and thrusting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) In middleMiocene (~13 Ma), the tectonic regime shifted to E-W extension [17,18], which formed the NSTR cutting the STDS, such as Yadong-Gulu rift, Nima-Dingri rift and XainzaDinggye rift. Although the first transformation of tectonic regime from N-S contraction to N-S extension has been extensively studied [1,[19][20][21], there have been no major investigations on the later transformation of tectonic regime from N-S extension to E-W extension.…”

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Middle-Miocene transformation of tectonic regime in the Himalayan orogen

et al. 2012

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Understanding the multiple tectonic transformations during the Himalayan orogeny is significant in evaluating the evolution of Himalayan orogen. In the Gyirong area in south Tibet, deformed leucogranitic veins in the biotite-plagioclase gneisses of Greater Himalayan crystalline complex (GHC) constitute south-vergent asymmetric folds. The reconstruction of the veins shows that they experienced two generations of deformation under different tectonic regimes: an earlier top-to-north extension and a later top-to-south thrusting, implying a tectonic transformation from N-S extension to N-S shortening. Zircons LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of the leucogranite shows that it was emplaced during 21.03-18.7 Ma. The data suggest that the tectonic transformation occurred after 18.7 Ma. The chronological data of South Tibet detachment system (STDS) and North-South trending rift (NSTR) from Gyirong and other areas indicate that the Himalayan orogeny was in a period of tectonic transformation from N-S extension to N-S shortening during 19-13 Ma. The transformation of tectonic regime was probably controlled by the India-Asia convergence rate. An increase in the convergence rate resulted in N-S shortening of the orogen, thrusting and folding, with coeval formation of the NSTR in Tibet. A decrease in the convergence rate led to N-S extension and reactivation of the STDS.

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Section: Geological Setting and Sample Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Setting and Sample Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Middle-Miocene transformation of tectonic regime in the Himalayan orogen

et al. 2012

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Sequential melting of deep crustal sources in a rift system: An example from the Southern Tibet

Gao

Zeng

Zhao

et al. 2022

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How the continental crust responds geochemically to progressive extension is one of the interesting questions. The Southern Tibet Rift System (STRS) is one of the active extensional structures. The Yardoi gneiss dome, located within STRS, consists of at least four suites of Miocene granites. As crystallization ages become younger, they are characterized by decrease in ?Nd(t) and Sr/Y, but increase in 87Sr/86Sr(t) and Rb/Sr. Such temporal trends could be explained by sequential partial melting of

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Provenance of the Cenozoic Bengal Basin sediments: Insights from U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes of detrital zircons

et al. 2018

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The Bengal Basin is located in the foreland of the eastern Himalaya and records late Palaeocene to Pleistocene sedimentation. This makes the Bengal Basin an ideal place to study the evolution of the eastern Himalaya by provenance researches. Even though there have been several studies about its provenance, a consensus has not been reached about when the Himalayan and Gangdese‐derived detritus started to deposit in the eastern Himalayan foreland. Here, we study the provenance of Eocene to Pleistocene sedimentary successions of the Bengal Basin by detrital zircon U–Pb geochronology and Hf isotope analyses. Detrital zircon U–Pb age spectra show a predominant peak of ~470–580 Ma in all the samples. A peak at this time is prominent in sediments of the Tethyan Himalaya and Lesser Himalaya, which means the detritus eroded from Himalaya may have been deposited in the Bengal Basin after the late Palaeocene‐early Eocene, synchronous with detritus derived from the western and central Himalaya. Gangdese‐derived zircons were firstly recorded in the late Eocene Kopili Formation, and they were sporadic from the late Eocene to middle Miocene, which was probably due to the long distance between the Bengal Basin and the Lhasa Block, to the forebulge in the Lesser Himalayan Sequence, or to a wide tectonic separation at that time. The first influx of abundant Gangdese‐derived zircons occurred in the lower part of the Boka Bil Formation in the late Miocene (~10 Ma), which was probably caused either by the Brahmaputra River capturing the Yarlung Tsangpo River or by a much later terminal collision between India and Eurasia, or both.

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Tectonics of the northern Himalaya since the India–Asia collision

Cited by 206 publications

References 91 publications

Middle-Miocene transformation of tectonic regime in the Himalayan orogen

Middle-Miocene transformation of tectonic regime in the Himalayan orogen

Sequential melting of deep crustal sources in a rift system: An example from the Southern Tibet

Provenance of the Cenozoic Bengal Basin sediments: Insights from U–Pb ages and Hf isotopes of detrital zircons

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