TEKİRDAĞ'DA SATIŞA SUNULAN IHLAMUR (Tilia spp.) ve KUŞBURNU (Rosa canina) ÖRNEKLERİNDE AFLATOKSİNLERİN VARLIĞININ ARAŞTIRILMASI

Abstract

ÖzBu çal›flmada, Tekirda¤ ili ve ilçelerindeki farkl› sat›fl noktalar›ndan temin edilen 15 adet ›hlamur ve 15 adet kuflburnu örne¤inde, aflatoksin B 1 (AFB 1 ), B 2 (AFB 2 ), G 1 (AFG 1 ) ve G 2 (AFG 2 ) varl›¤› HPLC yöntemi ile araflt›r›lm›flt›r. Ayr›ca, örneklerde nem, su aktivitesi (a w ) tayini, toplam mezofilik aerobik bakteri ve toplam maya küf say›m› da yap›lm›flt›r. Aflatoksin analizi sonucunda, ›hlamur örneklerinden birinde 0.158 µg/kg AFG 1 ve 0.168 µg/kg AFG 2 , bir di¤erinde ise 0.162 µg/kg AFG 2 bulunmufl, örneklerdeki aflatoksin miktarlar›n›n yasal limitlerin alt›nda oldu¤u belirlenmifltir. Di¤er ›hlamur ve kuflburnu örneklerinde ise, düzeyi tayin limitinin (AFB 1 , AFB 2 , AFG 1 ve AFG 2 için s›ras›yla 0.155, 0.168, 0.156, 0.162 µg/kg) alt›nda olmakla birlikte, incelenen aflatoksinlerden en az biri tespit edilmifltir. Bu çal›flmada incelenen örneklerde düflük düzeyde de olsa aflatoksinlerin tespit edilmesi, özellikle hassas tüketici gruplar› taraf›ndan bitki çay› olarak tüketilebilen ›hlamur ve kuflburnu gibi ürünlerde aflatoksinlerin bulunabilece¤ini göstermektedir. Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ), B 2 (AFB 2 ), G 1 (AFG 1 ) and G 2 (AFG 2 ) contents of 15 linden and 15 rosehip provided from supermarkets, herbalists and bazaars in Tekirda¤ province were investigated using HPLC method. Samples were also assayed for moisture, water activity (a w ), total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (TMAB) and total yeast and mould counts. One of the linden samples was determined to contain AFG 1 and AFG 2 at levels of 0.158 µg/kg and 0.168 µg/kg, respectively. AFG 2 content of another linden sample was determined to be 0.162 µg/kg. Aflatoxin levels of these samples were lower than the maximum permissible levels. The rest of the samples were determined to be contaminated with at least one of the four aflatoxins with levels below LOQ (0.155; 0.168; 0.156; 0.162 µg/kg for AFB 1 , AFB 2 , AFG 1 , AFG 2 , respectively). The existence of aflatoxins in the samples even in low levels shows that plant materials such as linden and rosehip consumed as herbal tea by sensitive consumer groups may contain aflatoxins.