Teleconnections in the Earth System

Chase, Thomas N.; Pielke, Roger A.; Avissar, Roni

doi:10.1002/0470848944.hsa190

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Teleconnection patterns in atmospheric and climate sciences, refer to quasiperiodic and persistent anomalies in the atmospheric pressure and circulation pattern that span over large geographical areas (Nigam ; Chase et al ). These patterns are primarily outcomes of the internal dynamics in the atmosphere although some teleconnection patterns have been shown to be sensitive to particular sea surface temperatures.…”

Section: Study Site and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wintertime weather‐climate variability and its links to early spring ice‐out in Maine lakes

Beyene

Jain

2015

Limnology & Oceanography

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In recent decades, Maine lakes have recorded their earliest ice-out dates in over a century. In temperate regions, seasonal lake ice-cover is a critical phenomenon linking climate, aquatic ecosystem and society. And the lengthening of the ice-free period due to warmer climate has been linked to increased algal growth and declining lake water quality, warming of water temperatures leading to alterations in aquatic biodiversity, and the shortening of ice-fishing period and other traditional winter activities over lakes. In this study, historical record of eight lakes and six benchmarked meteorological stations in Maine for the period 1950-2010 were analyzed to (1) investigate the relationship between antecedent winter (January-February) temperatures, degree-day variables, and spring-time ice breakup dates, including the identification of thresholds and (2) determine the influence of the extreme phases of select atmospheric teleconnection patterns (Tropical Northern hemisphere-TNH and North Atlantic Oscillation-NAO) on the winter degree-day quantities and spring ice-out dates. The influence of antecedent winter degree-days on spring ice-out dates was characterized by determining the threshold winter accumulated freezing and melting degree-day (AFDD and AMDD), the exceedance (non-exceedance) of which engenders early (late) spring ice-out dates. Statistical analysis between teleconnection indices and winter AFDD and/or AMDD quantities for Maine revealed an asymmetric relationship. Strongly negative phases of TNH and, to a lesser extent, positive phases of NAO are linked with spatial and temporal pattern of early spring ice breakup events in Maine lakes. These relationships taken together with observed warming trends have the potential to accelerate the decline in water quality in Maine lakes.In the spring of 2010, a number of lakes in Maine, a state situated in the northern New England region of the United States with over 5500 lakes, recorded their earliest ice-out dates (a term used interchangeably with ice breakup/ice-off/ ice thawing date in this study) in over a century (Bayly 2010). This resulted in the hasty enactment of a new openwater fishing season Bill and cancellation of major icefishing derbies throughout the state. Furthermore, the early end to annual ice-season raised fears that the water quality in Maine lakes will plummet stemming from algal blooms and shortening of the annual clear water phase, as studies have shown that the lengthening of the ice-free period in temperate and Arctic lakes directly and indirectly promotes algal growth (e.g., Adrian et al. 1999;Prowse et al. 2011). With increases in urbanization and associated nutrient loading in lakes being projected for various regions in Maine, the effect of late-winter/early-spring lake ice-off events on the ecological and social systems linked to Maine's lakes promises to be more severe. These issues thus necessitate detailed climatological analysis to understand the potential drivers of early spring ice out events in Maine lakes.The natur...

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Section: Study Site and Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wintertime weather‐climate variability and its links to early spring ice‐out in Maine lakes

Beyene

Jain

2015

Limnology & Oceanography

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“…strong statistical relationships between weather in different parts of the world, in the climate system are associated with the large-scale circulation of the atmosphere and the oceans. In the atmosphere, climate signals can be transferred to regions far from the physical source of the variability, while in the oceans teleconnections are associated with the global thermohaline circulation (e.g., Chase et al, 2005). Tree rings, with their large spatial coverage and high resolution, are highly useful proxies for studies of spatiotemporal stability of observed climate patterns, and associated teleconnections.…”

Section: Teleconnectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendroclimatology in Fennoscandia – from past accomplishments to future potential

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Fennoscandia has a strong tradition in dendrochronology, and its large tracts of boreal forest make the region well suited for the development of tree-ring chronologies that extend back several thousands of years. Two of the world's longest continuous (most tree-ring chronologies are annually resolved) tree-ring width chronologies are found in northern Fennoscandia, with records from Torneträsk and Finnish Lapland covering the last ca. 7500 yr. In addition, several chronologies between coastal Norway and the interior of Finland extend back several centuries. Tree-ring data from Fennoscandia have provided important information on regional climate variability during the mid to late Holocene and have played major roles in the reconstruction of hemispheric and global temperatures. Tree-ring data from the region have also been used to reconstruct large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns, regional precipitation and drought. Such information is imperative when trying to reach better understanding of natural climate change and variability and its forcing mechanisms, and placing recent climate change within a long-term context.

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“…ENSO is an interannual oscillation (2-7 years - Trenberth and Hurrell 1994;Cane 2005;McPhaden et al 2006) composed of two active phases, El Niño and La Niña, whose main signatures are observed through sea surface temperature (SST) variations in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific waters (Chase et al 2006). El Niño is associated with anomalously warm waters, and La Niña with anomalously cold waters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the occurrence of a less usual rainfall pattern in northeastern Brazil during the 2019 El Niño

Godoi¹,

Andrade

2021

Preprint

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El Niño is generally associated with below-average rainfall in northeastern Brazil (NEB). In 2019, however, the opposite rainfall pattern was observed during an El Niño episode. Here, we explore the mechanisms that overwhelmed typical El Niño-related conditions and resulted in above-average rainfall in NEB. We focus on the austral autumn, when El Niño is most related to rainfall anomalies in the region. The analysis of rainfall data from weather stations and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project, upper- and lower-level circulation reanalysis data, sea surface temperature data, outgoing longwave radiation data, and modelled data allowed us to identify that the autumn 2019 heavy rainfall in NEB was likely associated with three combined factors; these are: (1) the weak intensity of the 2019 El Niño; (2) local and remote diabatic heating anomalies, especially over the western South Pacific and tropical South Atlantic, which resulted in anticyclonic and cyclonic circulations in the upper and lower troposphere, respectively, over the tropical South Atlantic; and (3) sub-seasonal atmospheric convection anomalies over the western South Pacific, which reinforced the low-frequency convection signal over that region. This latter factor suggests the influence of the Madden–Julian Oscillation on rainfall in NEB during the first ten days of March. We discuss these mechanisms in detail and provide evidence for their associations with the anomalously heavy rainfall in NEB. Our results may assist in the planning of several crucial activities, such as water resources management and agriculture.

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Teleconnections in the Earth System

Cited by 16 publications

References 109 publications

Wintertime weather‐climate variability and its links to early spring ice‐out in Maine lakes

Wintertime weather‐climate variability and its links to early spring ice‐out in Maine lakes

Dendroclimatology in Fennoscandia – from past accomplishments to future potential

On the occurrence of a less usual rainfall pattern in northeastern Brazil during the 2019 El Niño

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