Telemedical Monitoring Based on Implantable Devices—the Evolution Beyond the CardioMEMS™ Technology

Abstract

Purpose of the ReviewWe aimed to provide an overview of telemedical monitoring and its impact on outcomes among heart failure (HF) patients. Recent Findings Most HF readmissions may be prevented if clinical parameters are strictly controlled via telemedical monitoring. Predictive algorithms for patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (e.g., Triage-HF Plus by Medtronic or HeartLogic by Boston Scientific) were developed to identify patients at significantly increased risk of HF events. However, randomized control trial-based data are heterogeneous regarding the advantages of telemedical monitoring in HF patients. The likelihood of adverse clinical outcomes increases when pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) rises, usually days to weeks before clinical manifestations of HF. A wireless monitoring system (CardioMEMS™) detecting changes in PAP was proposed for HF patients. CardioMEMS™ transmits data to the healthcare provider and allows to institute timely intensification of HF therapies. CardioMEMS™-guided pharmacotherapy reduced a risk of HF-related hospitalization (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60-0-0.85; p < 0.01). Summary Relevant developments and innovations of telemedical care may improve clinical outcomes among HF patients. The use of CardioMEMS™ was found to be safe and cost-effective by reducing the rates of HF hospitalizations.

Applications of Microwaves in Medicine

“…By powering the passive sensor externally, the resonant frequency shifts indicate the pulmonary artery pressure changes. Clinical trials show improved outcomes among heart failure patients, particularly because the system can be used in home settings [108].…”

An Overview About Connected Medical Devices and Their Risks

“…Monitoring devices, infusion pumps, implanted devices, autoinjectors, and diagnostic devices are among the connected medical devices. Smartwatches or fitness trackers that monitor heart rate and activity levels, blood glucose meters that can upload data to a patient's electronic medical record, and implanted devices that can be monitored remotely by healthcare practitioners are examples of connected medical devices too [9].…”