Teleost NOD-like receptors and their downstream signaling pathways: A brief review

Chuphal, Bhawna; Rai, Umesh; Roy, Brototi

doi:10.1016/j.fsirep.2022.100056

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 190 publications

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“…In the gills of D. rerio after A. hydrophila and Edwardsiella piscicida infection (12), miR-146a suppressed the expression of the immune-related genes and was involved in the regulation of excess inflammatory responses (e.g., TLR4, IL-1b, and TNF-a), and it also promoted viral replication by targeting TRAF6 in the orange-spotted grouper Epinephelus coioides (59). In vertebrates, several studies verified the involvement of NOD1 in the regulation of the antibacterial immune response (60,61), while miR-144 and miR-217-5p targeted and sequentially inhibited the gene expression of NOD1 (13). Studies on the liver of zebrafish indicated that miR-731 served the function of directly targeting DKK3b, while several miRNAs (e.g., miR-200b-5p, miR-146b, and miR-731) and their target genes (i.e., IL10, IRAK1, and TRAF6) regulated the immune response in the spleen after Streptococcus parauberis infection (24,62).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiomics analysis revealed miRNAs as potential regulators of the immune response in Carassius auratus gills to Aeromonas hydrophila infection

Huo

Bai

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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The gill of fish is an important immune organ for pathogen defense, but its microRNA (miRNA) expression and regulatory mechanism remain unclear. In this study, we report on the histopathological and immunohistochemical features of the gills of the crucian carp Carassius auratus challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Small RNA libraries of the gills were constructed and sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. A total of 1,165 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified in gills, of which 539 known and 7 unknown DEMs were significantly screened (p < 0.05). Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses revealed that the potential target genes/proteins were primarily involved in 33 immune-related pathways, in which the inflammatory responses were focused on the Toll-like receptor (TLR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Moreover, the expression levels of 14 key miRNAs (e.g., miR-10, miR-17, miR-26a, miR-144, miR-145, and miR-146a) and their target genes (e.g., TNFα, TLR4, NF-κB, TAB1, PI3K, and IRAK1) were verified. In addition, the protein levels based on isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) were significantly associated with the results of the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis (p < 0.01). miR-17/pre-miR-17 were identified in the regulation expression of the NF-κB target gene, and the phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the pre-miR-17 of C. auratus with the closest similarity to the zebrafish Danio rerio is highly conserved in teleosts. This is the first report of the multi-omics analysis of the miRNAs and proteins in the gills of C. auratus infected with A. hydrophila, thus enriching knowledge on the regulation mechanism of the local immune response in Cyprinidae fish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiomics analysis revealed miRNAs as potential regulators of the immune response in Carassius auratus gills to Aeromonas hydrophila infection

Huo

Bai

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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“…KEGG enrichment analysis showed that many immune-related pathways were involved in the regulation of these genes, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway is the main enrichment pathway. NOD-like receptors, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and C-Lectins are principal receptors of patternrecognition receptors (PRRs), and the aim was to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) resulting in mobilization of downstream signaling responses leading to inflammation, microbial destruction and eventually activation of adaptive immune responses, playing an important role in resisting the invasion of pathogens (53,54). These pathways may play an important role in immune response and show significant different in the course of CEV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of pathology and transcriptome profiling reveal features of immune response of acutely infected and asymptomatic infected of carp edema virus in Koi

et al. 2023

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Koi sleepy disease (KSD) is a high mortality and infection viral disease caused by carp edema virus (CEV), which was a serious threat to aquaculture of common carp and export trade of Koi worldwide. Asymptomatic infection is an important cause of the difficulty in preventing KSD and its worldwide spread, because asymptomatic infection can be activated under appropriate condition. However, the understanding of the molecular correlates of these infections is still unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare the pathology change, enzyme activity, immunoglobulin activity, host and viral gene expression differences in acutely infected and cohabiting asymptomatic Koi infected with CEV. Healthy Koi were used as a control. The gross pathology, histopathology and ultrastructural pathology showed the difference and characteristics damage to the tissues of Koi under different infection conditions. Periodic Acid-Schiff stain (PAS), enzyme activity and immunoglobulin activity revealed changes in the immune response of gill tissue between acutely infected, asymptomatic infected and healthy Koi. A total of 111 and 2484 upregulated genes and 257 and 4940 downregulated genes were founded in healthy Koi vs asymptomatic infected Koi and healthy Koi vs acutely infected Koi, respectively. Additionally, 878 upregulated genes and 1089 downregulated genes were identified in asymptomatic vs. acutely infected Koi. Immune gene categories and their corresponding genes in different comparison groups were revealed. A total of 3, 59 and 28 immune-related genes were identified in the group of healthy Koi vs asymptomatic infected Koi, healthy Koi vs acutely infected Koi and asymptomatic infected Koi vs acutely infected Koi, respectively. Nineteen immune-related genes have the same expression manner both in healthy Koi vs acutely infected Koi and asymptomatic Koi vs acutely infected Koi, while 9 immune-related genes were differentially expressed only in asymptomatic Koi vs acutely infected Koi, which may play a role in viral reactivation. In addition, 8 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were validated by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR), and the results were consistent with the RNA-Seq results. In conclusion, the data obtained in this study provide new evidence for further elucidating CEV-host interactions and the CEV infection mechanism and will facilitate the implementation of integrated strategies for controlling CEV infection and spread.

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“…Teleosts exhibit several complement component C3 isoforms and also non‐specific cytotoxic cells that are absent in mammals (Uribe et al ., 2011). Moreover, many of the pathogen recognition receptors, as well as the inflammatory pathways, are not orthologous to their mammalian counterparts (Chuphal et al ., 2022; Zhang et al ., 2018). These differences indicate that the modulation of immune responses by the hormones of the reproductive system might also differ significantly among mammals and teleosts and needs to be explored.…”

Section: Modulation Of Immune Responses By the Reproductive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between reproductive and immune systems: the teleostean perspective

Chuphal

Sathoria

Rai

et al. 2022

Journal of Fish Biology

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The bidirectional interaction between the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and the immune system plays a crucial role in the adaptation of an organism to its environment, its survival and the continuance of a species. Nonetheless, very little is known about this interaction among teleost, the largest group of extant vertebrates.Fishes being seasonal breeders, their immune system is exposed to seasonally changing levels of HPG hormones. On the contrary, the presence and infiltration of leukocytes, the expression of pattern recognition receptors as well as cytokines in gonads suggest their key role in teleostean gametogenesis as in the case of mammals. Moreover, the modulation of gametogenesis and steroidogenesis by lipopolysaccharide implicates the pathological significance of inflammation on reproduction. Thus, it is important to engage in the understanding of the interaction between these two important physiological systems, not only from a phylogenetic perspective but also due to the importance of fish as an important economic resource. In view of this, the authors have reviewed the crosstalk between the reproductive and immune systems in teleosts and tried to explore the importance of this interaction in their survival and reproductive fitness.

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Teleost NOD-like receptors and their downstream signaling pathways: A brief review

Cited by 18 publications

References 190 publications

Multiomics analysis revealed miRNAs as potential regulators of the immune response in Carassius auratus gills to Aeromonas hydrophila infection

Multiomics analysis revealed miRNAs as potential regulators of the immune response in Carassius auratus gills to Aeromonas hydrophila infection

Characteristics of pathology and transcriptome profiling reveal features of immune response of acutely infected and asymptomatic infected of carp edema virus in Koi

Crosstalk between reproductive and immune systems: the teleostean perspective

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