Television viewing and the learning of sex-role stereotypes

Gender Stereotypes Depicted by Western and Korean Advertising Models in Korean Adolescent Girls’ Magazines

“…Cultivation theory posits that the media can play a major role in fashioning distorted views of social groups (Gerbner and Gross 1976). Although in general cultivation theory has been used to explain violence in TV, several researchers have applied it to the study of gender role stereotypes (McGhee and Frueh 1980;Signorielli 1989). Because the composition of the Korean population has become more diverse with the rapid incoming of foreign population in recent years, more accurate portrayals of foreign people in ads seem to be indispensable.…”

Assessing Gender-Related Portrayals in Top-Grossing G-Rated Films

“…Despite a few exceptions (Meyer 1980;Perloff 1977;Repetti 1984), survey research has generally revealed that viewing TV is positively associated with elementary school aged children's stereotyping of personality traits (Frueh and McGhee 1975;McGhee and Frueh 1980;Zuckerman et al 1980, girls only-viewing game/variety shows), domestic-related activities (Signorielli and Lears 1992) and occupations (Beuf 1974) along gender lines. Because this research was based on correlational data, the causal direction between variables is impossible to ascertain.…”

Adult student perceptions of traditionally sex-typed toys

“…Studies support the contention that the media (e.g., books, movies, television, magazines) are yet another powerful influence on gender socialization and toy preferences (Balaban & Cooper, 1981;Connor & serbin, 1978;Cordua, McGraw, & Drabman, 1979;Flerx, Fidler, & Rogers, 1976;Huston, Wright, Rice, Kerkman, & st. Peters, 1990;McGhee & Frueh, 1980). Studies indicate that early childhood is an important period for the acquisition of television viewing patterns and that such patterns have long-term implications for children's development (Huston et al, 1990).…”

“…Studies indicate that early childhood is an important period for the acquisition of television viewing patterns and that such patterns have long-term implications for children's development (Huston et al, 1990). McGhee and Frueh (1980) suggest that heavy television viewing may significantly contribute to children's acquisition of stereotypical perceptions of behavior and psychological characteristics associated with males and females.…”