Tellurium-tin based electrodes enabling liquid metal batteries for high specific energy storage applications

Li, Haomiao; Wang, Kangli; Zhou, Hao; Guo, Xiaolin; Cheng, Shijie; Jiang, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.ensm.2018.04.017

Cited by 64 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Furthermore, given the benefit of their high ionic conductivity in the molten state and their high electrochemical stability, these metal halides are employed as high‐temperature electrolytes for cation transfer, thus contributing to the evolution of liquid‐metal batteries (LMBs), which are considered to provide a grid‐level opportunity for energy storage to create a bridging technology to close the gap between sustainable energy production and consumption . A high energy density close to 500 Wh kg −1 (calculated based on the electrodes) has been experimentally attained for LMBs …”

Section: Halides In Other Rechargeable Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[50,341] Ah igh energy density close to 500 Wh kg À1 (calculated based on the electrodes) has been experimentally attained for LMBs. [342] LMBs comprise al iquid-metal cathode and anode separated by am olten halide electrolyte that self-segregates into three layers on the basis of density and immiscibility (Figure 29 a). Theimmiscibility between the metal electrodes and the molten halide electrolyte is critical to achieving long-term cycles.T he commonly used approaches for this purpose include decreasing the cell operating temperature,r educing the activity of the anode metal, and optimizing the composition of the molten halide electrolyte.F or example,t he operating temperature of the Li-Sb battery was significantly decreased from 680 to 450 8 8Cb yu sing an Sb-Pb alloy as the cathode,with the high voltage of the Li-Sb battery maintained in the new battery system.…”

Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

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Halide‐Based Materials and Chemistry for Rechargeable Batteries

et al. 2020

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Rechargeable batteries are considered one of the most effective energy storage technologies to bridge the production and consumption of renewable energy. The further development of rechargeable batteries with characteristics such as high energy density, low cost, safety, and a long cycle life is required to meet the ever‐increasing energy‐storage demands. This Review highlights the progress achieved with halide‐based materials in rechargeable batteries, including the use of halide electrodes, bulk and/or surface halogen‐doping of electrodes, electrolyte design, and additives that enable fast ion shuttling and stable electrode/electrolyte interfaces, as well as realization of new battery chemistry. Battery chemistry based on monovalent cation, multivalent cation, anion, and dual‐ion transfer is covered. This Review aims to promote the understanding of halide‐based materials to stimulate further research and development in the area of high‐performance rechargeable batteries. It also offers a perspective on the exploration of new materials and systems for electrochemical energy storage.

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Section: Halides In Other Rechargeable Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Angewandte Chemiementioning

confidence: 99%

Halide‐Based Materials and Chemistry for Rechargeable Batteries

et al. 2020

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“…Damit tragen sie zur Entwicklung von Flüssigmetall‐Batterien (LMBs; liquid metal batteries) bei, welche die Brückentechnologie für eine große Energiespeicherungsmöglichkeit bietet, um die Diskrepanz zwischen nachhaltiger Energieproduktion und ‐konsum zu beseitigen . Eine hohe Energiedichte nahe 500 Wh kg −1 (berechnet basierend auf den Elektroden) wurde experimentell für LMBs erreicht …”

Section: Halogenide In Anderen Wiederaufladbaren Batterienunclassified

“…[50,341] Eine hohe Energiedichte nahe 500 Wh kg À1 (berechnet basierend auf den Elektroden) wurde experimentell fürLMBs erreicht. [342] Die [343] Fürd ie Erdalkalimetalle mit hçheren Schmelzpunkten erwies sich die kombinierte Strategie von Legierungs-und Multikation-Elektrolyt als sehr effek-tiv. [49,53,341] Beispielsweise wurde eine Calcium-basierte LMB hergestellt, indem ein binärer Multikation-Elektrolyt im Zusammenspiel mit einer legierten Anode aus Ca-Mg (90-10 mol %) eingesetzt wurde.…”

Section: Halogenide In Anderen Wiederaufladbaren Batterienunclassified

Halogenid‐basierte Materialien und Chemie für wiederaufladbare Batterien

et al. 2020

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Wiederaufladbare Batterien gelten als eine der effektivsten Energiespeichertechnologien, die die Überleitung zwischen der Erzeugung und dem Verbrauch erneuerbarer Energien schafft. Die weitergehende Entwicklung wiederaufladbarer Batterien mit Eigenschaften wie hohe Energiedichte, Kostengünstigkeit, Sicherheit und eine lange Lebensdauer muss dabei die stetig zunehmenden Energiespeicheranforderungen erfüllen. Dieser Aufsatz zeigt den wissenschaftlichen und technologischen Fortschritt wiederaufladbarer Batterien auf, der durch Halogenid‐basierten Materialien und Chemikalien zustande kommt, inklusive der Verwendung von Halogenid‐Elektroden, Halogendotierung von Elektroden und/oder Elektrodenoberflächen, Elektrolyt‐Design und Additive, die schnellen Ionen‐Shuttle und stabile Elektroden/Elektrolyt‐Grenzflächen ermöglichen sowie neue Batteriechemie realisieren. Eine Vielzahl von Batteriechemie basierend auf monovalentem Kation‐, multivalenten Kation‐, Anion‐ oder Dual‐Ionen‐Transfer wird beschrieben. Dieser Aufsatz zielt darauf ab, das Verständis von Halogenid‐basierten Materialien und Chemikalien zu fördern und die weitere Forschung und Entwicklung im Bereich hochleistungsfähiger wiederaufladbarer Batterien anzuregen. Er soll außerdem einen Ausblick auf die Nutzung neuer elektrochemischer Energiespeichermaterialien und ‐systeme bieten.

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“…Regarding the future uses of tellurium, several articles dealing with new chemistries for providing alternatives to lithium-ion batteries have been published recently. Zhang et al [7] investigated tellurium-aluminium batteries, Li et al [8] studied liquid metal batteries with tellurium-tin based electrodes, Koketsu et al [9] and Li et al [10] published research about lithium-tellurium batteries, just to name a few. These technologies are still years away from being in commercial use; nevertheless, it is important to establish the most efficient recycling processes before the End-of-Life (EoL) products are entering the recycling and material recovery stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling of tellurium via copper smelting processes

et al. 2020

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The modern world continuously demands more raw materials for manufacturing all kinds of products. Nowadays, the lifetime of a single product can be very short, as is the case with electronic appliances. Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is one of the fastest growing waste categories, and one of the most promising recycling routes for WEEE is to use it as a feed material in pyrometallurgical copper smelting. This article presents new experimental observations regarding the behavior of tellurium in secondary copper smelting process, and compares the results to primary smelting experiments. In secondary smelting conditions, most of tellurium distributed into the copper phase, and the distribution coefficient between copper and slag decreased with increasing oxygen partial pressure. In the primary smelting experiments, most of tellurium was vaporized into flue dusts, and the distribution coefficient between copper matte and slag increased with increasing oxygen pressure, i.e. increasing matte grade.

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Tellurium-tin based electrodes enabling liquid metal batteries for high specific energy storage applications

Cited by 64 publications

References 31 publications

Halide‐Based Materials and Chemistry for Rechargeable Batteries

Halide‐Based Materials and Chemistry for Rechargeable Batteries

Halogenid‐basierte Materialien und Chemie für wiederaufladbare Batterien

Recycling of tellurium via copper smelting processes

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