Temperament and character dimensions associated with clinical characteristics and treatment outcome in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder boys

Purper-Ouakil, Diane; Cortese, Samuele; Wohl, M.; Aubron, V.; Orejarena, Silvia; Michel, Grégory; Asch, M. van; Mouren, Marie Christine; Gorwood, Philip

doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2009.08.004

Cited by 48 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Our results showed that ADHD symptomatology was associated with some personality scales, ADHD symptoms showed a positive association with Novelty Seeking and a negative association with Self-Directedness. These results are in line with other studies that have found specific links between Novelty Seeking and impulsivity/hyperactivity on one hand, and low Self-Directedness and inattention on the other hand [45,46]. The negative association between ADHD symptoms and Self-Directedness may represent global lack of personal and social maturity and may reflect deficits in effortful control and executive functioning [45], but also to poorer outcome [45,47].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

ADHD symptomatology in eating disorders: a secondary psychopathological measure of severity?

et al. 2013

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BackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has commonly been described in psychiatric disorders. Although several studies have found positive associations between abnormal eating patterns during childhood and ADHD, there is a lack of studies on ADHD and Eating Disorders (ED). The aims of this exploratory study were 1) to assess the ADHD symptoms level in ED and to ascertain whether there are differences among ED subtypes; 2) to analyze whether the presence of ADHD symptoms is associated with more severe eating disorder symptoms and greater general psychopathology; and 3) to assess whether the ADHD symptoms level is associated with specific temperament and character traits.Methods191 female ED patients were included. Assessment was carried out with the EDI-2, ASRS-v1.1, the SCL-90-R and the TCI-R.ResultsThe ADHD symptoms level was similar in bulimia, eating disorder not otherwise specified and binge eating subtypes, and lower in anorexic patients. Obsessiveness and Hostility were significantly positively associated with ADHD symptoms. A path model showed that ADHD was associated with high Novelty Seeking and low Self-Directedness, whereas ED severity was influenced by ADHD severity and low Self-Directedness.ConclusionsBingeing/purging ED subtypes have a high ADHD symptoms level, also related with more severe eating, general and personality psychopathology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

ADHD symptomatology in eating disorders: a secondary psychopathological measure of severity?

et al. 2013

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“…RD was found to be positively related to I and HI problems, which was contrary to the literature that explains that it is negatively related to ADHD 44, 45. It is possible that those who desire reward and social approval may seek to form relationships with others and be sensitive to what others say, act, and respond to their behaviors.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Temperamental predictors of developmental trajectories of inattention and hyperactivity–impulsivity problems in schoolchildren

Lee

Park

Jeong

et al. 2017

Integrative Medicine Research

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BackgroundThe current study aimed to examine the temperamental predictors of developmental trajectory subgroups of children's inattention and hyperactivity–impulsivity problems through a short-term longitudinal study.MethodsChildren (n = 1344) were divided into younger (age 6–8 years) and older (age 9–11 years) groups in order to observe changes in inattention and hyperactivity–impulsivity problems. Inattention and hyperactivity–impulsivity problems were measured three times at 5-month intervals and Cloninger's four temperaments (novelty seeking, harm avoidance, reward dependence, and persistence) were examined on the first occasion only. A cohort sequential design and growth mixture model were used for investigating trajectory subgroups and multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the temperamental predictors.ResultsDevelopmental trajectories of inattention and hyperactivity–impulsivity showed different subgroupings depending on the age group of children. Temperament (high score on novelty seeking and low score on persistence as well as high score on reward dependence) and gender predicted the likelihood of belonging to high-risk versus low-risk subgroups.ConclusionSuggestions taking into account the predictors of developmental trajectories in inattention and hyperactivity–impulsivity problems for future research are discussed along with the limitations of the current study.

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“…With an estimated worldwide prevalence of around 5% [2], ADHD is one of the most commonly diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorders. ADHD is frequently comorbid with other conditions such as oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, specific learning disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, sleep disturbances and other neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder [3][4][5][6][7][8], as well as with somatic conditions such as obesity [6,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Looked-After Children: a Systematic Review of the Literature

Willis

Dhakras

Cortese

2017

Curr Dev Disord Rep

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Purpose of review To systematically review the literature on the prevalence and pharmacological treatment of ADHD in looked-after children (LAC). Recent findings LAC are a very challenging population from a clinical and psychosocial standpoint, with higher mental health needs compared to non LAC. To date, no systematic review on the prevalence of ADHD, and its treatment, in LAC is available. Summary We searched Pubmed, PsycInfo EMBASE + EMBASE CLASSIC, OVID Medline and Web of Science up to November 9 th, 2016. We found 24 papers meeting our criteria. The vast majority of the retained studies are from the USA and show rates of ADHD and of its pharmacological treatment substantially higher in LAC than those reported in national estimates. Future studies from countries other than the USA, aiming to understand the most cost-effective strategies, in the short as well as long term, to manage symptoms of ADHD in LAC are needed.

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Temperament and character dimensions associated with clinical characteristics and treatment outcome in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder boys

Cited by 48 publications

References 35 publications

ADHD symptomatology in eating disorders: a secondary psychopathological measure of severity?

ADHD symptomatology in eating disorders: a secondary psychopathological measure of severity?

Temperamental predictors of developmental trajectories of inattention and hyperactivity–impulsivity problems in schoolchildren

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Looked-After Children: a Systematic Review of the Literature

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