Temperament and Home Environment Characteristics as Causal Factors in the Early Development of Childhood Psychopathology

Earls, Felton J.; Jung, Kenneth G.

doi:10.1097/00004583-198707000-00005

Cited by 144 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The associations with temperament are particularly important as previous literature has shown that aspects of infant temperament, such as difficultness and unadaptability, are associated with later behavior problems [31,80,81]. Future reports from this cohort will address the development of the children at 3, 7, and 10 years of age, when we evaluated physical, cognitive, and behavioral development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of prenatal cocaine use on infant development

Richardson¹,

Goldschmidt²,

Willford³

2008

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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This study examined the effect of prenatal cocaine use on infant physical, cognitive, and motor development, and temperamental characteristics, controlling for other factors that affect infant development. Women were, on average, 26.8 years old, had 12 years of education, and 46% were African American. During the first trimester, 18% were frequent users of cocaine (≥ 1 line/day). The infants were, on average, 14.6 months old at this follow-up phase. Women who used cocaine during pregnancy rated their infants as more fussy/difficult and unadaptable than did women who did not use cocaine. Cocaine use in the second trimester was associated with significantly lower motor scores on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID) [9]. There was no effect of prenatal cocaine use on BSID mental performance or on growth. These findings are consistent with other reports in the literature and with the hypothesis that prenatal cocaine exposure affects development through changes in neurotransmitter systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effects of prenatal cocaine use on infant development

Richardson¹,

Goldschmidt²,

Willford³

2008

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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“…Measures of "difficult" temperament were also used as validity assessments, because no explicit measure of social-emotional problems was available for children under 24 months of age. Prior research has revealed that "difficult" temperament and behavior problems are often associated (Earls & Jung, 1987;Pettit & Bates, 1989;Rende, 1993;Shaw, Keenan, & Vondra, 1994). Thus, temperament may tap a predisposition to behavior problems or the two constructs may actually overlap, especially at the extremes (Sanson, Prior & Kyrios, 1990).…”

Section: Analytic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary acceptability and psychometrics of the infant–toddler social and emotional assessment (ITSEA): A new adult-report questionnaire

Briggs‐Gowan

Carter

1998

Infant Ment. Health J.

156

117

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“…It has been shown that mothers react differently to particular temperament characteristics in boys and girls (see e.g. Earls and Jung, 1987). According to previous studies, parents tend to restrict their daughters' behaviour more than that of their sons (see e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood temperament and mother's child-rearing attitudes: stability and interaction in a three-year follow-up study

1997

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Stability and interactions between children's behavioural styles (i.e. the temperament dimensions sociability, negative emotionality, and activity) and maternal child-rearing attitudes were studied in a random sample of 507 three-year-old children over a threeyear interval. Structural equation modelling indicated low to moderate stability for children's temperament dimensions and mothers' child-rearing attitudes. In addition, gender-specific interactions were found. In boys, negative emotionality and low sociability potentiated a strict disciplinary style of the mother, whereas activity was more likely to be stimulated by a mother's low tolerance towards the child. By contrast, in girls a mother's strict disciplinary style predicted negative emotionality and low sociability, whereas the girl's activity predicted a strict disciplinary style of the mother. These findings underline the close interaction between temperament and mothering during childhood.

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Temperament and Home Environment Characteristics as Causal Factors in the Early Development of Childhood Psychopathology

Cited by 144 publications

References 22 publications

The effects of prenatal cocaine use on infant development

The effects of prenatal cocaine use on infant development

Preliminary acceptability and psychometrics of the infant–toddler social and emotional assessment (ITSEA): A new adult-report questionnaire

Childhood temperament and mother's child-rearing attitudes: stability and interaction in a three-year follow-up study

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