Temperament and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function in healthy adults

Tyrka, Audrey R.; Mello, Andréa F.; Gagne, Gerard G.; Grover, Kelly E.; Anderson, George M.; Price, Lawrence H.; Carpenter, Linda L.

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2006.06.004

Cited by 66 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…All of these significant correlations have been replicated in the present study (see table 2 ). We further examined the association between the TCI and DEX/CRH outcomes, and found no significant relationships between these outcomes, which was not in line with the finding of Tyrka et al [35,36] . This inconsistency might have resulted from different sample characteristics between the present and the previous two studies (e.g.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…The impacts of neuroticism [37,38] and novelty seeking [35,36] on HPA axis function have been well documented, although findings on the association between neuroticism and cortisol responses to the DEX/CRH test are mixed, as described earlier [37,38] . Interestingly, O'Leary et al [78] have recently reported that nonclinical students characterized by high psychopathic personality traits lacked psychosocial stress-induced cortisol increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While there exist several (challenge) paradigms to assess HPA axis function, an increasing number of studies have used the DEX/corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test [33,34] , a sensitive test for HPA axis function that combines DEX pretreatment with CRH challenge on the following day, to examine the association of personality traits with HPA axis reactivity. For example, using a questionnaire that measures Cloninger's temperamental dimension, Tyrka et al [35] have shown that low novelty seeking, particularly when combined with high harm avoidance [36] , is associated with exaggerated cortisol responses to the DEX/CRH test. Using other personality measures, McCleery and Goodwin [37] observed a relationship between lower neuroticism and greater cortisol responses to this pharmacological challenge test, whereas Zobel et al [38] found the opposite relation, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schizotypal Personality in Healthy Adults Is Related to Blunted Cortisol Responses to the Combined Dexamethasone/ Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Test

Hori

Teraishi²,

Ozeki³

et al. 2011

Neuropsychobiology

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Background/Aims: Schizotypy is viewed as a dimensional trait ranging from healthy people to schizophrenic spectrum patients. Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and accumulated evidence suggests that schizophrenia is associated with altered HPA axis function; however, HPA axis function in relation to schizotypal personality has not been well documented. Methods: We examined the relationship between schizotypal traits as assessed with the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and cortisol responses to the combined dexamethasone/corticotropin- releasing hormone test in 141 healthy volunteers. Subjects were divided into three groups based on their cortisol responses to the dexamethasone/corticotropin-releasing hormone test: incomplete suppressors, moderate suppressors, and enhanced suppressors. SPQ scores were compared between these three groups using the analysis of covariance, controlling for age and sex. Results: The analysis of covariance showed significant main effects of the suppressor status on the ideas of reference and suspiciousness/paranoid ideation subscales and cognitive-perceptual factor. Post-hoc analyses with Bonferroni correction revealed that the enhanced suppressors scored significantly higher than the moderate suppressors on these SPQ indices. Conclusion: These results indicate that nonclinical schizotypal traits in healthy adults are associated with blunted cortisol reactivity, potentially suggesting a shared neuroendocrinological mechanism across schizophrenia spectrum pathology.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schizotypal Personality in Healthy Adults Is Related to Blunted Cortisol Responses to the Combined Dexamethasone/ Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Test

Hori

Teraishi²,

Ozeki³

et al. 2011

Neuropsychobiology

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“…The connectivity between dorsal and rostral anterior cingulate cortex and anterior insula studied by fMRI without external stimuli also correlates with HA in healthy individuals [23]. Anxiety-related traits in adulthood have also been associated with serotonin transporter gene polymorphism [24] and abnormal cortisol response during stress [25]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-Analysis of Anxiety Disorders and Temperament

et al. 2014

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Background: The aims of the present study were to explore whether symptoms in different anxiety disorders are associated with Cloninger's model temperament dimensions novelty seeking (NS), harm avoidance (HA), reward dependence and persistence compared with control subjects in clinical samples of adults or late adolescents. Method: Literature search in the following databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, Psycinfo and PsycArticles. Systematic review, grading the level of evidence and meta-analysis for each disorder by comparing the temperament dimension scores between patient and control samples in single studies. Results: A total of 40 papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses were conducted on a total of 24 studies focusing on panic disorder (PD), social anxiety disorder (SAD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The primary finding was a constant and clinically marked positive association between the HA temperament dimension and symptoms of PD, SAD and OCD, with a most marked effect in SAD, and a moderate effect in OCD and PD. Second, less marked and clinically marginal associations between NS score and SAD and OCD (negative associations), but no associations with PD were observed. The meta-analyses revealed heterogeneity between the results of individual studies, especially in the analyses including SAD and OCD. Conclusions: PD, SAD and OCD share a marked and state-dependent avoidant behavioral pattern, which is common for all anxiety disorders. However, PD showed a different pattern of arousal to novel stimuli from that of SAD and OCD. The findings are state dependent and based on cross-sectional studies.

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“…For example, serotonin, which plays a role in emotion, might also be associated with the oxytocin system and influence NS [30]. The HPA axis system might also be associated with oxytocin [37] and NS [26,38,39]. Meanwhile, we also found that the association between oxytocin and NS is independent of social support, and this may imply that oxytocin may influence NS or drug-seeking behavior via a fundamental biological mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Association between Blood Level of Plasma Oxytocin and Novelty Seeking among Methadone-Maintained Heroin Users

Lin¹,

Lee²,

Tsai³

et al. 2015

Neuropsychobiology

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Background: Oxytocin interacts with the dopaminergic system, which plays a role in addiction behaviors. The association between oxytocin and addiction was confirmed in animal studies. Novelty seeking is one of the predictors and indicators of drug addiction. The aim of the present study was to probe the association between oxytocin and novelty seeking. Methods: The study was conducted in a methadone maintenance therapy clinic of a medical center in Taiwan; 77 patients with heroin dependency were enrolled. Plasma oxytocin was measured using an ELISA kit. Novelty seeking was measured using an established instrument (the novelty seeking subscale of the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire). Results: A significant negative association (ρ = -0.27, p = 0.02; r = -0.34, p = 0.003) between the blood level of plasma oxytocin and novelty seeking was found. This association was significant after controlling the effects of perceived social support and the dosage of methadone (r = -0.32, p = 0.006). Conclusion: The negative association between oxytocin and novelty seeking may provide insight into future treatments for addiction.

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Temperament and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function in healthy adults

Cited by 66 publications

References 68 publications

Schizotypal Personality in Healthy Adults Is Related to Blunted Cortisol Responses to the Combined Dexamethasone/ Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Test

Schizotypal Personality in Healthy Adults Is Related to Blunted Cortisol Responses to the Combined Dexamethasone/ Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Test

Meta-Analysis of Anxiety Disorders and Temperament

Association between Blood Level of Plasma Oxytocin and Novelty Seeking among Methadone-Maintained Heroin Users

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