Temperamental Contributions to the Affect Family of Anxiety

Kagan, Jerome; Snidman, Nancy; McManis, Mark H.; Woodward, Sue A.

doi:10.1016/s0193-953x(05)70257-4

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Kagan's work suggests that these profiles predict later development and are accompanied by physiologic profiles suggesting different levels of CNS reactivity. Kagan suggests that inhibition can be better understood as intolerance of uncertainty and not as a proneness to fear [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] .…”

Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship of temperament to health involves a strong link to general health and mortality 99 to future mental health 100 and to anxiety 42,44,[101][102][103][104][105][106] . Temperamental predispositions are often present in individuals who develop mood disorders, as well as in their relatives, and the pattern of distribution seems to be disorder-specific to a significant extent (e.g.…”

Section: Relationship Of Temperament To Bipolar Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Temperament in the Etiopathogenesis of Bipolar Spectrum Illness

Fountoulakis

Gonda

Koufaki

et al. 2016

Harvard Review of Psychiatry

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Bipolar disorder constitutes a challenge for clinicians in everyday clinical practice. Our knowledge concerning this clinical entity is incomplete and contemporary classification systems are unable to reflect the complexity of this disorder.. The concept of temperament which for the first time was described during antiquity constitutes a reasonable vehicle to synthesize our knowledge on how the human body works and what determines human behavior. Although it originally included philosophical and sociocultural approaches, today the biomedical model is dominant. It is possible that specific temperaments might constitute vulnerability factors, determine the clinical picture or constitute illness course modifiers and even act as a bridge between genes and clinical manifestations, thus giving birth to the concept of the bipolar spectrum with major implications for all aspects of mental health research and providing of care. More specifically it has been reported that the hyperthymic and the depressive temperaments are related to the more 'classic' bipolar disorder, while cyclothymic, anxious and irritable temperaments are related to more complex manifestations and might predict poor response to treatment, violent or suicidal behavior and high comorbidity. It seems reasonable to assume that the incorporating of the concept of temperament and the bipolar spectrum in the standard training of psychiatric residents might result in an improvement of everyday clinical practice.3

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Section: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship Of Temperament To Bipolar Disordermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Temperament in the Etiopathogenesis of Bipolar Spectrum Illness

Fountoulakis

Gonda

Koufaki

et al. 2016

Harvard Review of Psychiatry

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“…The idealized definition points to a stable profile with a presumed (also stable) physiological foundation that creates an enduring pattern of thoughts and behaviors that are early appearing and consistent across time and place [9, 10]. In this sense, temperament acts as the bridge between biology and personality [8].…”

Section: Behavioral Inhibition As a Form Of Temperamentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kagan and Snidman [9] found that at age 13, 61% of adolescents identified as BI at age 2 showed signs of social anxiety during interactions with an unfamiliar adult. This is compared with only 27% of the children in a non-inhibited group.…”

Section: Empirical Links Between Behavioral Inhibition and Social Anxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Inhibition: Temperament or Prodrome?

Pérez‐Edgar

Guyer

2014

Curr Behav Neurosci Rep

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Individual differences in temperament emerge in the first months of life. Some infants display a heightened sensitivity to novelty and uncertainty in the world around them, leading a subset to fearfully withdraw from the social environment. Extreme forms of this temperament, Behavioral Inhibition (BI), are associated with increased risk for social anxiety disorder. Indeed, the link is so strong that some suggest that BI is not simply a risk factor for anxiety, but rather a milder form of the disorder. The current overview describes the literature linking BI and anxiety, highlighting the unique biobehavioral profiles evident in each construct. It then highlights specific evidence that may help distinguish the form and function of BI and anxiety. Finally, we briefly discuss unresolved issues that may help inform future work aimed at improving our understanding of individual development and shape therapeutic interventions directed at specific mechanisms of disorder.

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“…He also divided personality into two constitutional groups (temperaments): the 'schizothymic' (with the hyperesthetic-sensitive and the anesthetic-cold characters) and the 'cyclothymic' (with the depressive-melancholic and the hypomanic characters). Eysenck and Eysenck (1962, 1964, 1967, 1968, 1969b, 1972, Eysenck et al ( , 1974Eysenck et al ( , 1976, Gray (1991), Kagan (1992Kagan ( , 1997Kagan ( , 2003Kagan ( , 2005, Kagan et al (1989Kagan et al ( , 1995Kagan et al ( , 2007Kagan et al ( , 2001, Kagan and Zentner (1996) Cloninger et al (1999), Cloninger (1987), Constantino et al (2002) all developed theories of temperament and character traits and dimensions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%