2012
DOI: 10.1021/nn3041705
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Temperature and Force Dependence of Nanoscale Electron Transport via the Cu Protein Azurin

Abstract: Solid-state electron transport (ETp) via a monolayer of immobilized azurin (Az) was examined by conducting probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM), as a function of both temperature (248-373K) and applied tip force (6-15 nN). At low forces, ETp via holo-Az (with Cu(2+)) is temperature-independent, but thermally activated via the Cu-depleted form of Az, apo-Az. While this observation agrees with those of macroscopic-scale measurements, we find that for holo-Az the mechanism of ETp at high temperatures changes up… Show more

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Cited by 70 publications
(79 citation statements)
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“…Parameters to obtain monolayer coverage were evaluated on gold films, and height was assessed by scratching a small area clean in contact mode at a high force (160 nN), and re-imaging in tapping mode with a new tip. 56 This showed a height change of ~1.1 nm for SAM, and ~7 nm for SAM/CYP2C9, which is in good agreement with monolayer coverage (see supplementary data, Figure S1). …”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 71%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Parameters to obtain monolayer coverage were evaluated on gold films, and height was assessed by scratching a small area clean in contact mode at a high force (160 nN), and re-imaging in tapping mode with a new tip. 56 This showed a height change of ~1.1 nm for SAM, and ~7 nm for SAM/CYP2C9, which is in good agreement with monolayer coverage (see supplementary data, Figure S1). …”
Section: Resultssupporting
confidence: 71%
“…In both cases, the current increased with probe force, as expected for an organic medium. 56,58 In contrast, no force dependent increase in current was observed for I-V curves taken on the silicon surrounding the pillars (see supplementary data, Figure S2). Force dependent studies demonstrate that a reliable electrical contact to our protein is made at 16 nN.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…44 There has been extensive research done on electron transfer in proteins [45][46][47] especially in well-characterized model systems such as cytochrome c, 48 plastocyanin 49 , and azurin. [50][51][52][53] Other studies have explored the solid state electronic transport properties of proteins whose mechanisms of action rely on electron transfer, ET. 54,55 Several books, 28,[54][55][56][57][58][59] recent special issues of journals (from which we cite results published therein 51,60 ), and reviews 51,61,1,47,62,63 have appeared over the years, going back to the early 64 In parallel, the area of ET has remained very active, and we rely heavily in this review on our present understanding of ET to discuss what can be learned from protein bioelectronics devices.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Conductive-probe AFM (C-AFM) was used to investigate the effects of self-organization on both vertical and horizontal charge transport between a conductive tip and a fixed Au electrode. C-AFM is a versatile technique to determine the resistance across self-assembled monolayers, 4,4244 including complex systems incorporating proteins, 45 DNA, 4648 organometallic complexes, 49 or fullerenes. 50 Whereas we found no evidence of lateral charge transport, vertical charge transport across the length of the foldamer chain was found to be particularly efficient.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%