Temperature and phase transitions of laser-ignited single iron particle

Particle Equilibrium Composition model for iron dust combustion

“…The reported maximum temperature and melting time are in good agreement. A maximum temperature of 2607 K (spectrum deduced temperature) and 𝑡 melt of 3.1 ms are reported by Ning et al [9], which is close to the numerically obtained 2605 K and 3.5 ms. Also, the 𝑡 max matches experimental data from Ning [10] well, as can be seen in Fig. 3(b), where the time to maximum temperature for a 25 μmand 50 μm-particle at various oxygen concentrations is shown.…”

“…For the development of practical iron fuel-burning set-ups a deep understanding of the fundamental characteristics of iron combustion, such as flame structure, flame propagation and composition is necessary. Experimental studies [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] largely contributed to our current understanding of iron dust combustion. In the work of Tang et al [6] experiments were compared to a simple analytical continuous model, which were in good agreement.…”

Reduction kinetics of combusted iron powder using hydrogen

“…The iron oxide powder used in this study is produced by combustion of high purity (99% Fe) iron powder from CNPC Powder (CNPC-FE400) in an in-house developed cyclonic burner [28]. While the exact combustion process is still a topic of active research [11,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], studies suggest that during the combustion process the iron powder melts and the molten iron droplets react with oxygen. They solidify in the burner exhaust and are captured using a cyclone.…”

Comprehending Metal Particle Combustion: a Path Forward

“…The other important consequence of boiling on the condensed oxide‐metal interface at temperatures below the metal boiling point is that the corresponding mechanism of internal boiling can potentially explain observations of particle inflation and micro‐explosions observed during metal combustion [18, 39, 40]. We will address this in future work.…”