Temperature Changes in India

Sanjay, J.; Revadekar, J. V.; Ramarao, M. V. S.; Borgaonkar, H. P.; Sengupta, S.; Kothawale, D. R.; Patel, Jayashri; Mahesh, R.; Ingle, Sandip; AchutaRao, Krishna; Srivastava, A. K.; Ratnam, J. V.

doi:10.1007/978-981-15-4327-2_2

Cited by 46 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…In general, over twice of the global land area, the daytime T s has been increasing at a lower rate than the nighttime T s (Cox et al 2020), thereby suppressing the diurnal temperature range (Kothawale and Rupa Kumar 2005). Recently, Sanjay et al (2020) have observed that annual mean, maximum and minimum temperatures averaged over India as a whole show significant warming trends of 0.15 °C, 0.15 °C, and 0.13 °C per decade, respectively, since 1986.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting impacts of net cloud radiative forcing on the surface temperature trends in India

Banerjee

Dutta

Dey

2022

Environ. Res. Commun.

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The rise of spatial heterogeneity in surface temperature (Ts ) over India cannot be explained by only the direct effect of enhanced greenhouse gas forcing. Here we propose an analytical framework to estimate the impact of the net cloud radiative forcing (CRF) trend on the observed Ts trend for the duration of 2000-2019. The cloud sensitivity (λcld ) estimated from the satellite observations vary in the range -0.180 to 0.241 K per W m-2 across the seven Ts homogeneous zones in India. Net average (±1σ) CRFs over the Indian landmass during 2000-2019 in the shortwave and longwave are -15.5±11.3 and 12.4±7.4 W m-2, -28.1±22.4 and 24.6±9.8 W m-2, -75.1±20.4 and 55.0±13.8 W m-2 and -23.3±14.9 and 21.6±14.8 W m-2, respectively for the winter (Dec-Feb), pre-monsoon (Mar-May), monsoon (Jun-Sep) and post-monsoon (Oct-Nov) seasons. We find that in some of the Ts homogeneous regions, seasonal Ts trends are suppressed, whereas in some other Ts homogeneous regions, seasonal Ts trends are accelerated by the net CRF. Our framework can be useful in studying the role of clouds in observed surface warming trends.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting impacts of net cloud radiative forcing on the surface temperature trends in India

Banerjee

Dutta

Dey

2022

Environ. Res. Commun.

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“…High altitude and decrease of temperature as per normal and adiabatic lapse rate, expansion of airmass in high altitude is the main cause behind CW occurrences in J & K and its adjoining areas. The spatial extent of CW susceptibility and its intensity was found maximum during the winter season due to the winter solstice caused by the southern migration of sun and oblique sun rays in the Northern part of India, particularly in this part located in relatively higher northern latitude (Sanjay et al, 2020). Now, why CW consistency and intensity was found high in north-western and central India particularly Rajasthan, Delhi, and adjoining parts?…”

Section: Grid-specific Trend Of Hw and Cw Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring heat and cold wave susceptible areas of India using consistency and frequency coupled novel approach

Sarda

Halder

Das

et al. 2022

Preprint

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A good many studies identified year-specific heat wave (HW) and cold wave (CW) using a percentile approach, the present study tried to identify and grade consecutive two and five days HW and CW spells using consistency and frequency coupled approach using the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) endorsed gridded data across India since 1961 to 2021. The entire period was split into dry (1961–1990) and wet (1991–2021) phases to explore the long-term average of extreme temperature patterns and HW and CW change. The study revealed that wider parts of north western and central India were prone to statistically significant 30 years, 7 years, and 1-year average extreme temperature hot spot, and J & K and parts of north western India were prone to cold-spot (at 95 and 99% levels). The hot-spot and cold-spot dominated areas were again spotted as highly consistent and high-intensity HW and CW. About 60–65% area of north-western and central India was found consistent HW covering north western and central India. However, frequency and consistency coupled with HW intensity were recognized at five patches of the same area. Rajasthan and Delhi regions were found as the most intense HW zone. The average phase-wise change of HW was not very clear, however, some grids of this region recorded an increasing frequency of HW. CW intensity was increased by 13–26% in the northwestern tract over the phases. HW and CW matrix exhibited the co-existence of high intensity of HW and CW in the Rajasthan and Delhi region indicating high socio-ecological susceptibility. The findings of this study would be instrumental for regional priority planning and building adaptive capacity for combating the situation.

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“…There is particular variance in the climate changes between the northern and southern parts of the country, with both becoming increasingly warmer over historic meteorological trends (Dash and Hunt, 2007). At the base of the Himalayas, surface temperatures extremes are increasing: hotter in the summer months and colder in the winter (Dash and Hunt, 2007; Dash et al ., 2007; Sanjay et al ., 2020). Monsoon precipitation increasingly fluctuates, predicted to increase across India into the near future; monsoon rains also tend to start earlier as a result of anthropogenic aerosols (Bollasina, Ming and Ramaswamy, 2013; Kulkarni et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate stress and its impact on livestock health, farming livelihoods and antibiotic use in Karnataka, India

Eskdale

Tholth

Paul

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Understanding the impact of climate change on livestock health is critical to safeguarding global food supplies and economies. Informed by ethnographic research with Indian farmers, veterinarians, and poultry industry representatives, we evidence that both precipitation and vapour pressure are key climate variables that relate to outbreaks of haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS), anthrax (AX), and black quarter (BQ) across the Indian state of Karnataka. We also identify temperature and maximum temperature to be negatively correlated with the same diseases, indicating that a cooling (but still hot) climate with wetter, humid conditions is a prime risk factor for future outbreaks. Principal component analyses have revealed the SW India monsoon and winter periods to be the most strongly correlated with HS, AX and BQ outbreaks. We identify vapour pressure, a proxy for humidity, as having a positive relationship with these specific livestock diseases. The negative relationship between temperature and these diseases, combined with the positive correlation with rainfall and humidity, allow us to classify climate-associated risk using a combination of gridded meteorological time series and epidemiological outbreak data covering the same region and timespan of 1987 to 2020. Risk maps were constructed following concerns over the growing impact of climate pressures raised by farmers during ethnographic study. Informed by their insights, we used current climate data and future climate projections as a risk classification tool to assess how disease risk varies in Karnataka in the present and possible future scenarios. Despite a relatively limited epidemiological dataset, clear relationships between precipitation, vapour pressure, and temperature with HS, AX and BQ, along with outbreak high-risk zones were defined. This methodology can be replicated to investigate other diseases (including in humans and plants) and other regions, irrespective of scale, as long as the climate and epidemiological data cover similar time periods. This evidence highlights the need for greater consideration of climate change in One Health research and policy and puts forward a case for, we argue, greater alignment between UNFCCC and One Health policy, for example, within the Tripartite Agreement (between OIE, FOA and WHO) on antimicrobial resistance as disease risk cannot be considered independent of climate change.

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Temperature Changes in India

Cited by 46 publications

References 80 publications

Contrasting impacts of net cloud radiative forcing on the surface temperature trends in India

Contrasting impacts of net cloud radiative forcing on the surface temperature trends in India

Exploring heat and cold wave susceptible areas of India using consistency and frequency coupled novel approach

Climate stress and its impact on livestock health, farming livelihoods and antibiotic use in Karnataka, India

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