Temperature compensation in a small rhythmic circuit

Alonso, Leandro M.; Marder, Eve

doi:10.7554/elife.55470

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The autocorrelations for the long time-scale are more variable, and the behavior is more ragged at higher temperature ( Supplementary Figure 2D ). This is consistent with previous evidence in other models that central pattern generators are less stable at elevated temperature (Alonso & Marder, 2020; Rinberg, Taylor, & Marder, 2013).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Behavioral evidence for nested central pattern generator control ofDrosophilagrooming

Ravbar

Zhang

Simpson

2020

Preprint

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Central pattern generators (CPGs) are neurons or neural circuits that produce periodic output without requiring patterned input. More complex behaviors can be assembled from simpler subroutines, and nested CPGs have been proposed to coordinate their repetitive elements, simplifying control over different time-scales. Here, we use behavioral experiments to establish that Drosophila grooming may be controlled by nested CPGs. On the short time-scale (5-7 Hz), flies execute periodic leg sweeps and rubs. More surprisingly, transitions between bouts of head cleaning and leg rubbing are also periodic on a longer time-scale (0.3 - 0.6 Hz). We examine grooming at a range of temperatures to show that the frequencies of both oscillations increase – a hallmark of CPG control – and also that the two time-scales increase at the same rate, indicating that the nested CPGs may be linked. This relationship also holds when sensory drive is held constant using optogenetic activation, but the rhythms decouple in spontaneously grooming flies, showing that alternative control modes are possible. Nested CPGs simplify generation of complex but repetitive behaviors, and identifying them in Drosophila grooming presents an opportunity to map the neural circuits that constitute them.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Behavioral evidence for nested central pattern generator control ofDrosophilagrooming

Ravbar

Zhang

Simpson

2020

Preprint

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“…In clinical settings, brain temperature increases in common pathological conditions such as stroke or head injury ( Mrozek et al, 2012 ), and temperature is deliberately lowered in interventions to protect the brain from hypoxic events ( Faridar et al, 2011 ). Since heat plays a crucial role in neuronal functioning ( Kiyatkin, 2010 ; Alonso and Marder, 2020 ) and brain tissue is very sensitive to thermal damage ( Yarmolenko et al, 2011 ), it is crucial to understand which factors contribute to changes in brain temperature under normal circumstances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sub-minute prediction of brain temperature based on sleep–wake state in the mouse

Sela

Hoekstra

Franken

2021

eLife

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Although brain temperature has neurobiological and clinical importance, it remains unclear which factors contribute to its daily dynamics and to what extent. Using a statistical approach, we previously demonstrated that hourly brain temperature values co-varied strongly with time spent awake (Hoekstra et al., 2019). Here we develop and make available a mathematical tool to simulate and predict cortical temperature in mice based on a 4-s sleep–wake sequence. Our model estimated cortical temperature with remarkable precision and accounted for 91% of the variance based on three factors: sleep–wake sequence, time-of-day (‘circadian’), and a novel ‘prior wake prevalence’ factor, contributing with 74%, 9%, and 43%, respectively (including shared variance). We applied these optimized parameters to an independent cohort of mice and predicted cortical temperature with similar accuracy. This model confirms the profound influence of sleep–wake state on brain temperature, and can be harnessed to differentiate between thermoregulatory and sleep–wake-driven effects in experiments affecting both.

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“…Many neuron-based processes are temperature-compensated at the level of development or function, e.g. the precision of circadian clocks ( 22 ) and other rhythmic circuits ( 23, 24 ). On the other hand, developmental temperature can change outcomes, for example sex-determination in reptiles ( 25, 26 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variable brain wiring through scalable and relative synapse formation inDrosophila

Kiral

Linneweber

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Variability of synapse numbers and partners despite identical genes reveals limits of genetic determinism. Non-genetic perturbation of brain wiring can therefore reveal to what extent synapse formation is precise and absolute, or promiscuous and relative. Here, we show the role of relative partner availability for synapse formation in the fly brain through perturbation of developmental temperature. Unexpectedly, slower development at lower temperatures substantially increases axo-dendritic branching, synapse numbers and non canonical synaptic partnerships of various neurons, while maintaining robust ratios of canonical synapses. Using R7 photoreceptors as a model, we further show that scalability of synapse numbers and ratios is preserved when relative availability of synaptic partners is changed in a DIPγ mutant that ablates R7's preferred synaptic partner. Behaviorally, movement activity scales inversely with synapse numbers, while movement precision and relative connectivity are congruently robust. Hence, the fly genome encodes scalable relative connectivity to develop functional, but not identical, brains.

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Temperature compensation in a small rhythmic circuit

Cited by 56 publications

References 73 publications

Behavioral evidence for nested central pattern generator control ofDrosophilagrooming

Behavioral evidence for nested central pattern generator control ofDrosophilagrooming

Sub-minute prediction of brain temperature based on sleep–wake state in the mouse

Variable brain wiring through scalable and relative synapse formation inDrosophila

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