Temperature correction of post mortem quantitative magnetic resonance imaging using real-time forehead temperature acquisitions

Berger, Celine; Bauer, Melanie; Scheurer, Eva; Lenz, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111738

Forensic Science International

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111738

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Temperature correction of post mortem quantitative magnetic resonance imaging using real-time forehead temperature acquisitions

Celine Berger

Melanie Bauer

Eva Scheurer

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Comparative analysis of in situ and ex situ postmortem brain MRI: Evaluating volumetry, DTI, and relaxometry

Neuhaus,

Rost,

Haas

et al. 2024

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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PurposeTo compare postmortem in situ with ex situ MRI parameters, including volumetry, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and relaxometry for assessing methodology‐induced alterations, which is a crucial prerequisite when performing MRI biomarker validation.MethodsMRI whole‐brain scans of five deceased patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis were performed at 3 T. In situ scans were conducted within 32 h after death (SD 18 h), and ex situ scans after brain extraction and 3 months of formalin fixation. The imaging protocol included MP2RAGE, DTI, and multi‐contrast spin‐echo and multi‐echo gradient‐echo sequences. Volumetry, fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, T1, T2, and have been assessed for specific brain regions.ResultsWhen comparing ex situ to in situ values, the following results were obtained. Deep gray matter as well as the thalamus and the hippocampus showed a reduced volume. Fractional anisotropy was reduced in the cortex and the whole brain. Mean diffusivity was decreased in white matter and deep gray matter. T1 and T2 were reduced in all investigated structures, whereas was increased in the cortex.ConclusionThe results of this study show that the volumes and MRI parameters of several brain regions are potentially affected by tissue extraction and subsequent formalin fixation, suggesting that methodological alterations are present in ex situ MRI. To avoid overlap of indistinguishable methodological and disease‐related changes, we recommend performing in situ postmortem MRI as an additional intermediate step for in vivo MRI biomarker validation.

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Comparative analysis of in situ and ex situ postmortem brain MRI: Evaluating volumetry, DTI, and relaxometry

Neuhaus,

Rost,

Haas

et al. 2024

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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In situ temperature determination using magnetic resonance spectroscopy thermometry for noninvasive postmortem examinations

Zoelch,

Heimer,

Richter

et al. 2024

NMR in Biomedicine

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Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) thermometry offers a noninvasive, localized method for estimating temperature by leveraging the temperature‐dependent chemical shift of water relative to a temperature‐stable reference metabolite under suitable calibration. Consequentially, this technique has significant potential as a tool for postmortem MR examinations in forensic medicine and pathology. In these examinations, the deceased are examined at a wide range of body temperatures, and MRS thermometry may be used for the temperature adjustment of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols or for corrections in the analysis of MRI or MRS data. However, it is not yet clear to what extent postmortem changes may influence temperature estimation with MRS thermometry. In addition, N‐acetylaspartate, which is commonly used as an in vivo reference metabolite, is known to decrease with increasing postmortem interval (PMI). This study shows that lactate, which is not only present in significant amounts postmortem but also has a temperature‐stable chemical shift, can serve as a suitable reference metabolite for postmortem MRS thermometry. Using lactate, temperature estimation in postmortem brain tissue of severed sheep heads was accurate up to 60 h after death, with a mean absolute error of less than 0.5°C. For this purpose, published calibrations intended for in vivo measurements were used. Although postmortem decomposition resulted in severe metabolic changes, no consistent deviations were observed between measurements with an MR‐compatible temperature probe and MRS thermometry with lactate as a reference metabolite. In addition, MRS thermometry was applied to 84 deceased who underwent a MR examination as part of the legal examination. MRS thermometry provided plausible results of brain temperature in comparison with rectal temperature. Even for deceased with a PMI well above 60 h, MRS thermometry still provided reliable readings. The results show a good suitability of MRS thermometry for postmortem examinations in forensic medicine.

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Temperature correction of post mortem quantitative magnetic resonance imaging using real-time forehead temperature acquisitions

Cited by 2 publications

References 43 publications

Comparative analysis of in situ and ex situ postmortem brain MRI: Evaluating volumetry, DTI, and relaxometry

Comparative analysis of in situ and ex situ postmortem brain MRI: Evaluating volumetry, DTI, and relaxometry

In situ temperature determination using magnetic resonance spectroscopy thermometry for noninvasive postmortem examinations

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