Temperature Dependence Cancellation of the Cs Clock Frequency in the Presence of Ne Buffer Gas

Kozlova, Olga; Boudot, Rodolphe; Guérandel, Stéphane; Clercq, Emeric de

doi:10.1109/tim.2010.2099290

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For neon the agreement is reasonable. The small discrepancy between present measurement values and our preliminary work [18], carried out on two cells, arises from the inclusion of the temperature dependence of optical shift rates in our model. The δ coefficients are measured with a lower uncertainty compared to previous works.…”

Section: B Procedures and Resultscontrasting

confidence: 95%

“…Ne buffer gas shows a strong quadratic temperature coefficient. The inversion temperature computed from the coefficients of the fitted polynomials for each cell, in order to avoid pressure additional uncertainties, is T inv = (79 ± 3) • C, which confirms previous evaluations [18,36]. It makes Ne very attractive for use in the Cs chip scale clocks which need a high working temperature [37][38][39].…”

Section: B Procedures and Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…As in Ref. [15], we have noticed that this technique is a more effective means of rejecting the residual modulations than normalization by the background signal recorded on the third photodiode (PD0) [18]. The Cs cell is at room temperature, (22.5 ± 0.5) • C, the temperature of the buffer-gas cell can be regulated to within the ±0.5 • C level.…”

Section: A Methods and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Temperature and pressure shift of the Cs clock transition in the presence of buffer gases: Ne,N2, Ar

2011

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The ground-state hyperfine resonance line of alkali-metal atoms is frequency shifted in the presence of noble or molecular gases. The buffer gases used in vapor-cell atomic clocks thus induce a temperature-dependent shift of the clock transition frequency. We report on measurements of the pressure and temperature dependence of the Cs clock transition frequency in the presence of Ne, Ar, and N 2 buffer gases. The pressure in the sealed glass vapor cells is measured by means of the shift of the Cs D 1 line. We have also investigated the temperature dependence of the optical shift. From these measurements, we infer the pressure and temperature coefficients of the hyperfine frequency shift. It is then possible to predetermine gas mixture ratios that cancel the temperature sensitivity at a given temperature. This prediction is confirmed experimentally for Ar-N 2 mixtures. These results can be useful for improving the long-term frequency stability of Cs vapor-cell clocks.

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Section: B Procedures and Resultscontrasting

confidence: 95%

Section: B Procedures and Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: A Methods and Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Temperature and pressure shift of the Cs clock transition in the presence of buffer gases: Ne,N2, Ar

2011

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“…Fortunately, combining two buffer gases having opposing frequency shifts with temperature changes does reduce the temperature dependence [5,6] and enables a small temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) to be obtained. Using a Ne buffer gas, a zero TCF has recently been reported in the 70 • C to 80 • C range [7]. The light shift is the Stark frequency shift induced by laser light.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical and experimental investigation of the light shift in Ramsey coherent population trapping

et al. 2014

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The ac Stark shift (or light shift) of the 6 2 S 1/2 (F = 3 ↔ 4) transition in 133 Cs, as observed through coherent population trapping under pulsed excitation, is measured using a 133 Cs gas cell and the D 1 -line vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser. This light shift can be calculated using density-matrix analysis. We derive an expression for this shift as a function of light intensity, showing that it varies linearly with respect to light intensity only with intensities higher than 1.0 mW/cm 2 . For pulsed excitation of high laser intensity, the variation in light shift is 20 times lower than that when using a continuous wave. The differences between the results of theory and experiment are discussed, taking into account the difference in conditions assumed; the results from theoretical analysis, taking the attenuation of the first-order sideband into account, approximately agree with the experimental results. The light shift is reduced by shortening the observation times. * Electronic address: yano-yuichiro@ed.tmu.ac.jp

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“…Also, we recently reported a specific two-step anodic bonding process for filling the microcell with a buffer gas. 13,14 This opens the door for the development of high-performance miniature clocks with simpler configuration ͑a single buffer gas͒ and potentially an excellent long-term frequency stability. It has been proved that this technique is efficient to obtain microcells exhibiting appropriate lifetime and buffer gas pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent population trapping resonances in Cs–Ne vapor microcells for miniature clocks applications

Boudot

Dziuban

Hasegawa

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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Articles you may be interested inA low phase noise microwave frequency synthesis for a high-performance cesium vapor cell atomic clock Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85, 094709 (2014); 10.1063/1.4896043 Exploring Ramsey-coherent population trapping atomic clock realized with pulsed microwave modulated laser J. Appl. Phys. 115, 093109 (2014); 10.1063/1.4867915 Quasi-bichromatic laser for a lin⊥lin coherent population trapping clock produced by vertical-cavity surfaceemitting lasers Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 093111 (2012);We report the characterization of dark line resonances observed in Cs vapor microcells filled with a unique neon ͑Ne͒ buffer gas. The impact on the coherent population trapping ͑CPT͒ resonance of some critical external parameters such as laser intensity, cell temperature, and microwave power is studied. We show the suppression of the first-order light shift by proper choice of the microwave power. The temperature dependence of the Cs ground state hyperfine resonance frequency is shown to be canceled in the 77-80°C range for various Ne buffer gas pressures. The necessity to adjust the Ne buffer gas pressure or the cell dimensions to optimize the CPT signal height at the frequency inversion temperature is pointed out. Based on such Cs-Ne microcells, we preliminary demonstrate a 852 nm vertical cavity surface emitted laser ͑VCSEL͒-modulated based CPT atomic clock exhibiting a short term fractional frequency instability y ͑͒ = 1.5ϫ 10 −10 −1/2 until 30 s. These results, similar to those published in the literature by others groups, prove the potential of our original microcell technology in view of the development of high-performance chip scale atomic clocks.

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Temperature Dependence Cancellation of the Cs Clock Frequency in the Presence of Ne Buffer Gas

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

Temperature and pressure shift of the Cs clock transition in the presence of buffer gases: Ne,N2, Ar

Temperature and pressure shift of the Cs clock transition in the presence of buffer gases: Ne,N2, Ar

Theoretical and experimental investigation of the light shift in Ramsey coherent population trapping

Coherent population trapping resonances in Cs–Ne vapor microcells for miniature clocks applications

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