for making the effort to participate in my qualifying examination. Second, I would like to express my appreciation to Machining Technology Group from Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology for providing me privileges to use their facilities and for providing great help through my study. I would like to thank Dr. Zheng Hongyu for his brilliant guidance and caring financial support. He opened up a whole new world of laser science to me. I am also grateful to Dr. Li Zhongli for her countless contribution to this work. Her great knowledge on lasers and ingenious experimental techniques has helped me numerous difficulties and guided me to become a skilled researcher. Third, I would like to thank the other great members of our research group for their nice friendship on my research work and life during the past four years.