Temperature dependence of the violation of Purcell's theorem experienced by a folding molecular motor

Abstract

The motor's diffusion and Purcell's theorem violation depend on the folding speed in contrast to the medium's fluidization.

Comparison of time reversal symmetric and asymmetric nano-swimmers oriented with an electric field in soft matter

“…The fluidization mechanism [46,[50][51][52][53] is of particular importance due to its relation with the glass-transition problem [46]. The effect of this fluidization on the motor's motion has been studied in previous papers [30,31]. A motor carried by the medium due to fluidization will have an efficiency = 1 as it will not be subject to the Purcell theorem.…”

“…While Brownian motion introduces some breakdown [28] of the theorem due to fluctuations in the environment, previous studies found nevertheless that the theorem mostly holds at the nanoscale [29,30]. Any attempt to create a simple mono-molecular motor will have to breakdown [28] the Purcell theorem to be efficient.…”

“…Any attempt to create a simple mono-molecular motor will have to breakdown [28] the Purcell theorem to be efficient. Various breakdowns of the theorem were reported [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. A few of these breakdowns appear for rapid flapping motors [33,36,42,43] while most others are due to spe-cific environments.…”

Simulations of supercooled water under passive or active stimuli

“…Due to the time-symmetrical folding and unfolding process Purcell's theorem [88] prevents the motor's displacement, however we are only interested here in the stimuli induced by the foldings on the liquid. Notice however that various violations of the theorem have been reported [78,[89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101]. Another source of motor's displacement comes from folding-induced diffusion of the medium that in turn carries the motor [79,80,83,86,102,103].…”

Simulation of a flat folding nano-swimmer confined in a nanopore

“…Synthetic molecular motors are however still relatively complex while the creation of simpler motors would be of large interest, permitting to produce them more easily and in larger numbers, increasing moreover their stability. However the creation of nano-motors face a number of difficulties including Purcell's theorem [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54] due to the two following main physical reasons: Brownian incessant bombardment of the motor hinders directionality in the motor's motion, while the huge increase of the relative importance of the viscosity at the nanoscale, hinders the motor's motion itself.…”