Temperature-Dependent Growth of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes in the Range 800−1100 °C

Lee, Yun Tack; Park, Jeunghee; Choi, Young Sang; Ryu, Hyun; Lee, Hwack Joo

doi:10.1021/jp020488l

Cited by 169 publications

(152 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It was known that the D band was usually associated with the vibrations of carbon atoms with dangling bands for the in-plane terminations of carbon atoms of disordered graphite, while the G band was closely related to the vibration in all sp 2 bonded carbon atoms in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice, such as in a graphite layer. I D /I G could be used as an indicator of the extent of disorder within the graphitic layer [39]. The D band in the spectrum of Fig.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Carbon Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of carbon nanotubes and microfibers over stainless steel mesh by cracking of methane

Gao

Kiwi‐Minsker

Renken

2008

Surface and Coatings Technology

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The La 2 NiO 4 film was synthesized on the 304 stainless steel (SS) mesh. The hydrogen reduction of La 2 NiO 4 generated homogeneous nanocatalyst particles (probably Ni/La 2 O 3 ) over which methane was cracked, producing carbon nanotubes/microfibers and hydrogen. The carbon nanotubes/microfibers were strongly bonded to the SS mesh. It was observed that the methane conversion always reached its maximum at the cracking temperature of 750°C regardless of its concentration varying from 5% to 100%. The cracking of 5% methane diluted in nitrogen generated multiwalled carbon nanotubes while the cracking of 10-100% methane resulted in the formation of carbon solid microfibers together with globular carbon particles. Higher concentration of methane created thicker carbon fibers and a 30% concentration of methane resulted in the highest deposits of carbon on the mesh. After a compressed air blow and ultrasonic treatment, the carbon deposits were still strongly adhered to the mesh. As a result of the carbon tubes/fibers coverage, the specific surface area of the SS mesh was enhanced significantly from 0.03 m 2 /g to 21-45 m 2 /g. XRD, HRTEM and Raman studies confirmed that the carbon products were of graphitic structure. Such advanced mesh material would have great application potential in industrial catalysis and other areas.

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Section: Characterization Of the Carbon Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of carbon nanotubes and microfibers over stainless steel mesh by cracking of methane

Gao

Kiwi‐Minsker

Renken

2008

Surface and Coatings Technology

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“…Despite numerous studies, the growth mechanism of nanotubes is still not well understood. Among the most studied factors that control the growth process are the kinetics of carbon transport [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10], the thermodynamics of the catalyst particles [11,12,13,14,15], and their interaction with substrates (oxides or zeolites) [16,17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical study of the thermal behavior of free and alumina-supported Fe-C nanoparticles

et al. 2007

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The thermal behavior of free and alumina-supported iron-carbon nanoparticles is investigated via molecular dynamics simulations, in which the effect of the substrate is treated with a simple Morse potential fitted to ab initio data. We observe that the presence of the substrate raises the melting temperature of medium and large Fe1−xCx nanoparticles (x = 0 − 0.16, N = 80 − 1000, nonmagic numbers) by 40-60 K; it also plays an important role in defining the ground state of smaller Fe nanoparticles (N = 50 − 80). The main focus of our study is the investigation of Fe-C phase diagrams as a function of the nanoparticle size. We find that as the cluster size decreases in the 1.1-1.6-nm-diameter range the eutectic point shifts significantly not only toward lower temperatures, as expected from the Gibbs-Thomson law, but also toward lower concentrations of C. The strong dependence of the maximum C solubility on the Fe-C cluster size may have important implications for the catalytic growth of carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition.

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“…A huge increase in catalytic activity is shown in Figure 7A, where the total amount of carbon uptake went from 5.4% to nearly 60%. This trend has been evidenced [32,33] where the temperature has a direct effect on the CVD deposition amount, due to an overcoming of the methane dissociation energy barrier. Despite the higher activity, the G/D area ratio decreases strongly, and the amount of SWCNT formed also diminishes with temperature ( Figure 7B), leading to a complete loss of activity to SWCNTs.…”

Section: Effect Of Reaction Temperature On Cvd Processmentioning

confidence: 83%

Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis through Methane Chemical Vapor Deposition over MCM-41–Co Catalysts: Variables Optimization

Rodriguez

López

Giraldo

2018

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MCM-41-Co catalysts were tested in the synthesis of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) through methane chemical vapor deposition (CVD), varying total cobalt content, synthesis temperature, methane flow rate, and deposition time. All variables showed a relationship with total carbon deposition, graphitic quality according to Raman results. Cobalt content showed a maximum activity at 4%, but the structural quality is best at 3%. Flow rate does not affect the quality up to 300 cm 3 min −1 , but deposition time leads to the formation of highly disordered carbon species passing methane for periods longer than 30 min, concluding that optimal variables are a methane deposition temperature of 800 • C, a 300 cm 3 min −1 methane flow rate, and a 30 min of methane injection time, leading to a 5.4% carbon mass content and 5.1 G/D area ratios.

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Temperature-Dependent Growth of Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes in the Range 800−1100 °C

Cited by 169 publications

References 28 publications

Growth of carbon nanotubes and microfibers over stainless steel mesh by cracking of methane

Growth of carbon nanotubes and microfibers over stainless steel mesh by cracking of methane

Theoretical study of the thermal behavior of free and alumina-supported Fe-C nanoparticles

Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis through Methane Chemical Vapor Deposition over MCM-41–Co Catalysts: Variables Optimization

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