Temperature-dependent magnetization in (Mn, N)-codoped ZnO-based diluted magnetic semiconductors

Wu, Kongping; Gu, Shulin; Tang, Kun; Ye, Jian Dong; Zhu, Shunming; Zhou, Mengran; Huang, Yourui; Xu, Mingxiang; Zhang, Rong; Zheng, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2011.12.030

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The peak centered at 641.62 is at higher binding energy than Mn 2+ (2p 3/2 ) (∼641 eV) found in Mn-doped ZnO samples earlier and at lower binding energy than the value which is commonly observed for Mn 3+ (2p 3/2 ) (∼642 eV) in literature. 11,21,16,20,36 Nesbitt and Banerjee proposed 640.8 ±0.3 eV as the binding energy of Mn 2+ (2p 3/2 ) after a detailed study and literature search on XPS spectra of Mn(2p). 37 Plus, they determined that the position of the Mn 3+ (2p 3/2 ) peak of oxides range between 641.7 and 641.9 eV.…”

Section: Zn(nomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To tune these properties which are very sensitive to the shape of the particles and the preparation method, considerable attention has been paid to metal doping; a few examples are Mn 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Mg 2+ and Fe 2+ . [10][11][12] Although the origin of ferromagnetism in transition-metal doped ZnO is not yet very clearly understood and highly debatable, 13 there is an increasing interest to study ZnO as a ferromagnetic material candidate. 14,15 Among these materials, Mn-doped ZnO crystals receive growing attention as diluted magnetic semiconductor materials (DMS) for spintronics.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…16,17 Furthermore, modifying optical properties of ZnO through engineering the bandgap with Mn doping is also of interest to many groups. 14,18,19 Several methodologies were employed to obtain Mn-doped ZnO particles including spray pyrolysis, 19 chemical vapor deposition, 11 magnetron sputtering, 20 sol-gel process, 21 pulsed laser deposition 18 and electrodeposition. 17 The first few techniques require high temperatures.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Deposition of Mn:ZnO Films under Hydrothermal Conditions

Yilmaz

Ünal

2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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This study demonstrated the electrochemical deposition of Mn-doped ZnO films under hydrothermal conditions at 130 • C in 50% v/v DMSO-H 2 O mixture. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the deposition of the ZnO structures was along (002) direction. However, the presence of Mn 2+ affected the thickness of ZnO structures and we believe that the interaction of Mn 2+ with the nonpolar surface of ZnO restricts lateral growth. Mn appears in the mixed oxide state in ZnO lattice. The photoluminescence spectra of the films show only UV emission indicating high crystal quality. The blueshift of the UV emission is observed after the introduction of Mn impurity into the ZnO lattice. The surface morphology, lattice structure, Mn content, chemical binding characteristics, and optical properties of the deposits were examined by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy, respectively.

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Section: Zn(nomentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Electrochemical Deposition of Mn:ZnO Films under Hydrothermal Conditions

Yilmaz

Ünal

2013

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…However, their 1/χ -T (inversion of susceptibility versus temperature) display a notable deviation from the Curie-Weiss law at low temperature. This phenomenon is attributable to a short-range FM, or a spin-cluster character within a matrix of spin-disorder [28][29][30]. On the contrary, the od-ZnO exhibits a downward curvature in M-T .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Structural imperfections and attendant localized/itinerant ferromagnetism in ZnO nanoparticles

Yang

Lin

et al. 2014

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Using synchrotron-based x-ray magnetic spectroscopy, we report a study focusing on the local symmetry of Cu-dopant and resultant structural imperfections in mediating Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles' ferromagnetism (FM). Prepared by an antisolvent method, Cu appeared to preferably populate on the basal plane of ZnO with a local symmetry of [CuO 4 ]. This unique symmetry was antiferromagnetic in nature, while electronically and structurally coupled to surrounded oxygen vacancies (V o) that yielded a localized FM, because of a strong dependency on the number/location of the [CuO 4 ] symmetry. Surprisingly, the FM of undoped but oxygen-deficient ZnO appeared to be more itinerant and long-range, where V o percolated the FM effectively and isotropically through oxygen's delocalized orbital. By adopting the approach of structural imperfection, this study clearly identifies V o 's (defect's) true characters in mediating the FM of magnetic semiconductors which has been thought of as a long-standing debate, and thus provides a different thinking about the traditional extrinsic ferromagnetic-tuning in the semiconductors. It even illuminates recent research concerning the intrinsic FM of low-dimensional systems that contain defects but non-magnetic elements.

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“…Co-doping of N and Mn into ZnO was also studied theoretically and experimentally [154,166]. Although the results show FM at room temperature, the exact mechanism for obtaining magnetic ordering remains elusive [155,167].…”

Section: Isovalent Cation and N Co-doping Of Znomentioning

confidence: 99%

A brief review of co-doping

et al. 2016

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Dopants and defects are important in semiconductor and magnetic devices. Strategies for controlling doping and defects have been the focus of semiconductor physics research during the past decades and remain critical even today. Co-doping is a promising strategy that can be used for effectively tuning the dopant populations, electronic properties, and magnetic properties. It can enhance the solubility of dopants and improve the stability of desired defects. During the past 20 years, significant experimental and theoretical efforts have been devoted to studying the characteristics of co-doping. In this article, we first review the historical development of co-doping. Then, we review a variety of research performed on co-doping, based on the compensating nature of co-dopants. Finally, we review the effects of contamination and surfactants that can explain the general mechanisms of co-doping.

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Temperature-dependent magnetization in (Mn, N)-codoped ZnO-based diluted magnetic semiconductors

Cited by 20 publications

References 28 publications

Electrochemical Deposition of Mn:ZnO Films under Hydrothermal Conditions

Electrochemical Deposition of Mn:ZnO Films under Hydrothermal Conditions

Structural imperfections and attendant localized/itinerant ferromagnetism in ZnO nanoparticles

A brief review of co-doping

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