Temperature-dependent magnetization reversal in<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Co</mml:mi><mml:mo>∕</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Pt</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow><mml:mo>∕</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ru</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>multilayers

Davies, Joseph E.; Hellwig, Olav; Fullerton, Eric E.; Liu, Kai

doi:10.1103/physrevb.77.014421

Cited by 35 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Electronic mail: kailiu@ucdavis.edu. Although the appearance of minor loops or FORCs crossing over the major loop has been observed before, 19,20 the underlying mechanism is either unknown 19 or not applicable to the present system. 20 Thus we have employed TXRM to correlate the observed macroscopic behavior from FORC with the microscopic processes.…”

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confidence: 64%

“…Although the appearance of minor loops or FORCs crossing over the major loop has been observed before, 19,20 the underlying mechanism is either unknown 19 or not applicable to the present system. 20 Thus we have employed TXRM to correlate the observed macroscopic behavior from FORC with the microscopic processes. Figures 3͑a͒ and 3͑b͒ show two TXRM micrographs of the magnetic domain structure for X = 50 over the same sample area, taken at applied fields of: ͑a͒ 90 mT and ͑b͒ 96 mT after exposing the sample to a maximum field ͑ o H max ͒ of 350 mT and 306 mT, respectively.…”

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confidence: 64%

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Frustration driven stripe domain formation in Co/Pt multilayer films

Davies

Hellwig

Fullerton

et al. 2009

Applied Physics Letters

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We report microscopic mechanisms for an unusual magnetization reversal behavior in Co/Pt multilayers where some of the first-order reversal curves protrude outside of the major loop. Transmission x-ray microscopy reveals a fragmented stripe domain topography when the magnetic field is reversed prior to saturation, in contrast to an interconnected pattern when reversing from a saturated state. The different domain nucleation and propagation behaviors are due to unannihilated domains from the prior field sweep. These residual domains contribute to random dipole fields that impede the subsequent domain growth and prevent domains from growing as closely together as for the interconnected pattern.

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confidence: 64%

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confidence: 64%

Frustration driven stripe domain formation in Co/Pt multilayer films

Davies

Hellwig

Fullerton

et al. 2009

Applied Physics Letters

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“…The FORC method is based on the procedure described by Mayergoyz 22 . It is a versatile yet a simple technique which provides plethora of quantitative information apart from the evaluations of the interaction in the hysteretic system regardless of whether it is bulk 23 , thin film [24][25][26][27][28][29] , nanowire [30][31][32] , magnetic tunnel junction 33,34 , ferroelectric switching 19,35 , patterned system 36,37 and permanent magnets 38 . In the present work, the irreversible switching processes during the magnetization reversal have been investigated for two systems namely viz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation on non-exchange spring behaviour and exchange spring behaviour: A first order reversal curve analysis

Roy¹,

Sreenivasulu²,

Kumar³

2013

Applied Physics Letters

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The magnetization behaviour of the soft Cobalt Ferrite-hard Strontium Ferrite nanocomposite is tuned from the non exchange spring nature to the exchange spring nature, by controlling the particle size of the soft Cobalt Ferrite in the Cobalt Ferrite: Strontium Ferrite (1:8) nanocomposite. The relative strength of the interaction governing the magnetization process in the nanocomposites is investigated using Henkel plot and First Order Reversal Curve (FORC) method. The FORC method has been utilized to understand the magnetization reversal behaviour as well as the extent of the irreversible magnetization present in both the nanocomposites having smaller and larger particle size of the Cobalt Ferrite. The magnetization process is primarily controlled by the domain wall movement in the nanocomposites. Using the FORC distribution in the (H a , H b ) co-ordinate, the onset of the nucleation field, invasion of the domain wall from the soft to the hard phase, domain wall annihilation and the presence of the reversible magnetization with the applied reversal field for both the nanocomposites has been investigated. It has been found that for the composite having lower particle size of the soft phase shows a single switching behaviour corresponding to the coherent reversal of the both soft and hard phases. However, the composite having higher Cobalt Ferrite particle size shows two peak behaviour in the FORC distribution resembling individual switching of the soft and hard phases. The FORC distribution in (H u , H c ) co-ordinate and the Henkel measurement confirms the dominant exchange interaction in the nanocomposites exhibiting exchange spring behaviour where as the occurrence of both the dipolar and exchange interaction is substantiated for the non exchange coupled nanocomposite. The asymmetric nature of the FORC distribution at H c = 0 Oe for both the nanocomposites validates the intercoupled nature of the reversible and irreversible magnetizations in both the nanocomposites. It is also concluded that the contribution of the reversible magnetization is more in the nanocomposite having lower particle size of the Cobalt Ferrite compared to the nanocomposite having higher particle size of the Cobalt Ferrite.

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“…In addition to providing a useful qualitative "fingerprint" of the magnetization reversal mechanisms, FORC analysis has shown the ability to extract a wealth of quantitative information in a variety of bulk, 32 thin film, 26,27,33,34 and patterned 28,30,31,35,36 material systems that are not readily accessible from standard major loop or remanence curve analysis. As the T A is increased, distinct changes in the magnetic depth profiles and FORC "fingerprints" are observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probing vertically graded anisotropy in FePtCu films

et al. 2011

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Field-dependent polarized neutron reflectivity (PNR) and magnetometry are employed to study the magnetic properties of compositionally uniform and graded FePtCu films as a function of annealing temperature (T A ). The PNR results are able to directly probe the compositional and anisotropy variations through the film thickness. Further details about how the reversal mechanisms evolve are then elucidated by using a first-order reversal curve technique. The reversal of the graded sample annealed at 300• C occurs by an initial rapid switching of the dominant soft A1 phase toward the surface of the film, followed by the gradual reversal of the residual hard phase components toward the bottom. This indicates that the anisotropy gradient is not well established at this low T A . A fundamentally different mechanism is found after annealing at 400• C, where the rapid switching of the entire film is preceded by a gradual reversal of the soft layers. This suggests that the anisotropy gradient has become better established through the film thickness. The field-dependent PNR measurements confirm the existence of an anisotropy gradient, where the lower (higher) anisotropy portions are now toward the bottom (top) of the film because of the Cu compositional gradient. However, after annealing at 500• C, a single rapid reversal is found, indicating the formation of a uniform hard film. In this case, PNR demonstrates a more uniform magnetic depth profile that is consistent with a uniform reference sample, suggesting significant interdiffusion of the Cu is degrading the compositional and induced anisotropy gradient at this elevated T A .

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Temperature-dependent magnetization reversal in(Co∕Pt)∕Rumultilayers

Cited by 35 publications

References 31 publications

Frustration driven stripe domain formation in Co/Pt multilayer films

Frustration driven stripe domain formation in Co/Pt multilayer films

Investigation on non-exchange spring behaviour and exchange spring behaviour: A first order reversal curve analysis

Probing vertically graded anisotropy in FePtCu films

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