Temperature effects on ammonification and nitrification in a tropical soil

Myers, R. J. K.

doi:10.1016/0038-0717(75)90003-6

Cited by 120 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It presumably needs more than one day for the process from feeding to discharging, so that the present amount of waste products would not correlate with the present metabolism rate. Normally, the bacterial nitrification (the conversion of ammonium to nitrate) is most efficient at the higher temperature (Frederick 1956;Myers 1975). However, in the present work, the mean AER attained the peak value at 19°C rather than at 23°C, which seems to be contradictory to the above studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Feeding and bioturbation effects of the sand dollarPeronella lesueuri(L. Agassiz, 1841) (Echinodermata) on microphytobenthos and sediment fluxes

Keesing

Lourey

et al. 2013

Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology

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Respiration and excretion rates of a key bioturbating species, the sand dollar Peronella lesueuri, were measured in mesocosms at three different temperatures. Benthic oxygen and nutrient fluxes were additionally measured at winter and summer temperatures to assess the impact of P. lesueuri on ecosystem processes. Oxygen consumption by sand dollars increased significantly with wet weight at all three temperatures 16, 19, and 23°C. Ammonia release also increased with body weight. The weight vs. oxygen uptake relationship was similar at 19 and 23°C but oxygen uptake was significantly reduced at the lower exposure temperature. The bioturbation caused by sand dollar P. lesueuri reduced the photosynthetic rate of the microphytobenthos (MPBs) but had a much smaller and less obvious effect on nutrient fluxes across the sediment-water interface.Keywords: Bioturbation; sediment; sand dollar; Peronella lesueuri; oxygen flux; nutrient flux; benthic metabolism IntroductionProcesses which act at the water-sediment interface can have an important influence on ecology and biogeochemistry of soft sediment habitats (Mermillod-Blondin & Rosenberg 2006). Key among these processes is bioturbation. Bioturbation is a combination of physical sediment displacement and irrigation activity (Mermillod-Blondin 2011). The mixing and displacement of sediment by benthic macrofauna can control rates of organic matter degradation and carbon burial (Lohrer et al. 2005). This kind of activity has significant effects on the fluxes of dissolved oxygen (DO) and allows oxygen to penetrate more deeply into the sediment. This increased oxic layer can lead to decreased anoxic processes such as denitrification and promote aerobic processes such as nitrification of ammonium to nitrate (Widdicombe & Austen 1998).Macrobenthic invertebrates are a very important group of bioturbators in soft substrate benthic ecosystems where they exert a structuring influence on the habitat and sediment particle distribution (Gerino 1990). Echinoderms, in particular, are well known for the effect they have in structuring sedimentary benthic habitats by grazing (e.g. echi-*Corresponding author. Email: bqli@ yic.ac.cn © 2013 CSIRO Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology, 2013 Vol. 46, No. 6, 431-446, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2013 Microphytobenthos (MPBs) are the main primary producers in most unvegetated shallow-water sediments and are usually dominated by epipelic diatoms (Smith & Underwood 2000). MPBs and macrofauna are considered the two key groups affecting benthic metabolism in shallow-water sediments because of their high abundance and level of activity in benthic ecosystems (e.g. Lohrer et al. 2004). The burrowing activities of macrofauna impact sediment in many ways, which could affect MPBs directly and indirectly. These include physical impacts such as burial, dispersal and resuspension and biogeochemical impacts such as irrigation (oxygenation) and nitrification (e.g. ammonia excretion). It is, however, not yet clear to which extent the bioturbation ...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Feeding and bioturbation effects of the sand dollarPeronella lesueuri(L. Agassiz, 1841) (Echinodermata) on microphytobenthos and sediment fluxes

Keesing

Lourey

et al. 2013

Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology

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“…At 53°c the leaching rate for both P and Mg was essentially zero. Recently, Myers (1975) has reported the effect of temperature (between 20 0 e and 60°e) on rates of nitrification in soil, and showed that the optimum temperature was close to 35°e, with a sharp drop in rate at temperatures above 40 o e. The temperature coefficient of the nitrification reaction is therefore typical of that reported by Rothbaum (1961) for aerobic microorganisms.…”

Section: Ironmentioning

confidence: 51%

Long-term leaching of nutrients from magnesium ammonium phosphate at various temperatures

Rothbaum¹,

Rohde²

1976

New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture

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Magnesium ammonium phosphate and iron-bearing magnesium ammonium phosphate (containing ferrous ammonium phosphate) were made in a pilot-plant, and pellets were prepared trom these products by bonding with 10% by weight of potassium sulphate. These rellets and a range of conventional water-soluble fertilisers were leached on soil columns for 3-6 months .at 23°c, 37°c, and 53°c. and the .leachates were analysed. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and magnesium leached slowly oyer long periods from the magnesium ammonium phosphate pellets, and aeration increased the leaching rate; only potassium was leached rapidly. Little iron was leached from iron-bearing pellets. In contrast, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium all leached rapidly from the soluble fertilisers. Magnesium ammonium phosphate therefore supplies essential nutrients to the soil over extended periods. The leaching rate from magnesium ammoni.um phosphat~was at a maximum in the temperature range 2rc-37°c, lind decreased considerably at 53 c. These results suggest that magnesium ammonium phosphate in soil is predominantly leached by an aerobic microbiological mechanism involving nitrification of ammonia. rather than by a solubility mechanism. '

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“…The relationship between the rate constant k and temperature has been well established (Stanford et al 7973;Myers 1975;Campbell et al 1981Campbell et al , 1984 Stanford and Smith (1972) it is not). We have assumed that moisture, aeration, and such factors affect N mineralization in a manner similar to temperature (i.e., it affects k).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting Net Nitrogen Mineralization Over a Growing Season: Model Verification

Campbell¹,

Jame²,

Jong³

1988

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Temperature effects on ammonification and nitrification in a tropical soil

Cited by 120 publications

References 6 publications

Feeding and bioturbation effects of the sand dollarPeronella lesueuri(L. Agassiz, 1841) (Echinodermata) on microphytobenthos and sediment fluxes

Feeding and bioturbation effects of the sand dollarPeronella lesueuri(L. Agassiz, 1841) (Echinodermata) on microphytobenthos and sediment fluxes

Long-term leaching of nutrients from magnesium ammonium phosphate at various temperatures

Predicting Net Nitrogen Mineralization Over a Growing Season: Model Verification

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