Temperature effects on reproduction and adult lifespan of the smaller fruit tortrix, <i><scp>G</scp>rapholita lobarzewskii</i>

Graf, B.; Höpli, H. U.; Höhn, H.

doi:10.1111/eea.12258

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…For larval development of G. lobarzewskii, we estimated a lower thermal threshold of 7.6°C and a thermal constant of 389.2 degree days. The same holds true for post-diapause development (Graf et al, 1999), adult life span, and reproduction (Graf et al, 2015). Compared with these closely related tortricid fruit pests in temperate regions, G. lobarzewskii had lower minimal temperature requirements for immature development, particularly for larval development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…As it has to be monitored and controlled on a regular basis in commercial apple orchards, it has been chosen to be included in SOPRA. The model parameters for post-diapause development, adult life span, and reproduction have already been established in previous studies (Graf et al, 1999(Graf et al, , 2015. However, the developmental parameters for the egg and larval stages were still missing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The experimental results on egg and larval development presented here were used together with the previously published data on post-diapause development, adult life span, and reproduction (Graf et al, 1999(Graf et al, , 2015 to parameterise the phenology model for G. lobarzewskii. Recorded development times were converted into development rates and subsequently described as linear functions of temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature effects on egg and larval development and phenological forecasting of the smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii

Graf

Höpli

Höhn

et al. 2016

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The effects of temperature on egg and larval development of Grapholita lobarzewskii Nowicki (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) were studied under controlled conditions to complement the basis for phenological forecasting and thus to optimize the timing of monitoring and control measures with respect to sustainable pest management. Egg development lasted on average 28.1 days at 12.7°C and 5.5 days at 26.1°C. Egg mortality was generally low, varying between 12 and 14% within a temperature range of 12.7-22.0°C, but slightly increased to 20% at 26.1°C. For egg development, a lower thermal threshold of 9.7°C and a thermal constant of 90.6 degree days were established. Larval development took on average 76.0 days at 12.7°C and 21.5 days at 26.1°C. Larval mortality was 51% at 12.7°C but only 6-12% at temperatures above 17°C. The lower thermal threshold and the thermal constant for larval development were 7.6°C and 389.2 degree days, respectively. Final larval weight increased with temperature from 18.6 mg at 12.7°C to a maximum of 23.9 mg at 22.0°C. Based on mortality rates, the optimal temperature range was between 12.7 and 22.0°C for egg development and between 17.1 and 22.0°C for larval development, which was confirmed based on the weight of fully grown larvae. These biological parameters of egg and larval development enabled us to parameterise a phenology model for G. lobarzewskii, which was incorporated into an existing decision support system for fruit pests. Precise forecasts of pest phenology facilitate the optimal timing of monitoring and control measures, improve their efficiency, and thereby contribute to sustainable crop protection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature effects on egg and larval development and phenological forecasting of the smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii

Graf

Höpli

Höhn

et al. 2016

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…It has already been used successfully to forecast the phenology of various fruit pests such as codling moth and Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta Busck (Welch et al., ; Croft & Knight, ), summer fruit tortrix, Adoxophyes orana F. v. R. (Baumgärtner & Charmillot, ), rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea Pass. (Graf et al., , ), apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea Klug (Graf et al., , , ), smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii Nowicki (Graf et al., , , ), pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri L. (Schaub et al., ), apple blossom weevil, Anthonomus pomorum L., and cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Samietz et al., ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has already been used successfully to forecast the phenology of various fruit pests such as codling moth and Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta Busck (Welch et al, 1978;Croft & Knight, 1983), summer fruit tortrix, Adoxophyes orana F. v. R. (Baumg€ artner & Charmillot, 1983), rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea Pass. (Graf et al, 1985(Graf et al, , 2006, apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea Klug (Graf et al, 1996(Graf et al, , 2001a(Graf et al, , 2002b, smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii Nowicki (Graf et al, 1999(Graf et al, , 2015(Graf et al, , 2016, pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri L. (Schaub et al, 2005), apple blossom weevil, Anthonomus pomorum L., and cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis cerasi L. (Samietz et al, 2008). The driving variables of the model are hourly values of air temperature and solar radiation, where the latter is employed to emulate the temperature in the hibernation habitat (Graf et al, 2001b;Samietz et al, 2011).…”

Section: Modeling Phenologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting the phenology of codling moth, Cydia pomonella, for sustainable pest management in Swiss apple orchards

Graf

Höhn

Höpli

et al. 2018

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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The effects of temperature on post‐diapause development, female lifespan, and reproduction of Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) were studied under controlled conditions to determine the respective parameters for a temperature‐driven phenology model. Lower thermal thresholds of 10.0 and 9.7 °C and thermal constants of 417.2 and 427.7 degree days were established for post‐diapause development of females and males, respectively. Female lifespan was found to be 202.6 degree days on average, with a lower thermal threshold of 11.2 °C. Total fecundity was highest at 27.7 °C with an average of 241.9 eggs per female. Literature data were used to quantify the lower thermal thresholds and the thermal constants for eggs, larvae, and pupae. For validation, the model was run with weather data from 13 consecutive years and the output was compared with pheromone trap catches from 39 to 63 different orchards, depending on the year. The model proved to be a reliable and useful tool to forecast codling moth phenology under Swiss conditions not only for a whole growing season but also during several years with very variable weather conditions. Hence, it can be used to support apple growers in pest management decisions on the one hand and to predict changes in codling moth phenology with respect to climate change on the other.

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Foliar behaviour of biogenic semi-volatiles: potential applications in sustainable pest management

Mofikoya

Bui

Kivimäenpää

et al. 2019

Arthropod-Plant Interactions

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Plants emit an extremely diverse bouquet of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from their above-ground and below-ground parts. Emissions are constitutive or induced, e.g. by herbivores. VOCs can be classified as highly volatile, volatile and semivolatile compounds. Sesquiterpenes (SQTs) are typical semi-volatile organic compounds (sVOCs) released by plants. Similarly, herbivore-induced homoterpenes and methyl salicylate also have relatively low volatility. SVOCs have a high boiling point (> 240 °C) and a vapour pressure below 0.005 kPa at 25 °C. Glandular trichomes on plant surfaces can store SQTs in mixtures with more volatile VOCs, which are released into the air by diffusion or after gland rupture. The sVOCs stored in glandular trichomes often have repellent effects on herbivores, while herbivore-induced sVOCs are known for their attractiveness to natural enemies of herbivores, i.e. they act in indirect chemical defence of plants. Due to their low volatility, sVOCs produced by plants may easily adhere to the surfaces of emitter and neighbouring plants during the colder temperatures that plants face, e.g. at night. On the foliage of neighbouring receiver plants, sVOCs may act in direct and indirect defence of that plant species. When the temperature rises again, sVOCs are released into the atmosphere. The semi-volatile reaction products of highly volatile plant monoterpenes and photochemical pollutants such as ozone could constitute further sVOCs on plant leaf surfaces. Here, we review recent literature of the plant surface-environment interaction of biogenic sVOCs and particularly evaluate potential crop protection strategies such as intercropping and companion planting using sVOC-emitting species. Foliage typically forms the widest surfaces on crop plants, and foliar herbivory is a major type of pest damage during the vegetative stage of crop plants. Foliage is also a major source of herbivore-induced VOC emissions. Consequently, we focus on foliage-mediated sVOCs and their potential in pest management.

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Temperature effects on reproduction and adult lifespan of the smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Temperature effects on egg and larval development and phenological forecasting of the smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii

Temperature effects on egg and larval development and phenological forecasting of the smaller fruit tortrix, Grapholita lobarzewskii

Predicting the phenology of codling moth, Cydia pomonella, for sustainable pest management in Swiss apple orchards

Foliar behaviour of biogenic semi-volatiles: potential applications in sustainable pest management

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