Temperature evaluated mine position survey (temps) application of dual-band infrared methodology

Grande, Nicholas

doi:10.1117/12.2300255

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…There is significant literature, from researchers studying terrestrial heat flow and climate change, on temperature fluctuations of soil temperature, depending on depth, and the effect of these key factors e.g., [28][29][30][31][32]. While much of this literature focuses on a scale that is too large for the fine-grained thermal variation that can reveal archaeological features, there is significant literature on the detection of shallowly buried mines via thermography [33][34][35][36][37][38]. While much of the recent work with aerial thermography for archaeology has focused on the importance of the short term, diurnal heating cycle for creating differences in surface temperatures due to differences in thermal inertia between buried archaeological features and surrounding soils [7][8][9][10], Scollar et al [5] argue that the diurnal heating cycle is too transient to show the effect of differing thermal inertias for more deeply buried features.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological Remote Sensing Using Multi-Temporal, Drone-Acquired Thermal and Near Infrared (NIR) Imagery: A Case Study at the Enfield Shaker Village, New Hampshire

2020

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While archaeologists have long understood that thermal and multi-spectral imagery can potentially reveal a wide range of ancient cultural landscape features, only recently have advances in drone and sensor technology enabled us to collect these data at sufficiently high spatial and temporal resolution for archaeological field settings. This paper presents results of a study at the Enfield Shaker Village, New Hampshire (USA), in which we collect a time-series of multi-spectral visible light, near-infrared (NIR), and thermal imagery in order to better understand the optimal contexts and environmental conditions for various sensors. We present new methods to remove noise from imagery and to combine multiple raster datasets in order to improve archaeological feature visibility. Analysis compares results of aerial imaging with ground-penetrating radar and magnetic gradiometry surveys, illustrating the complementary nature of these distinct remote sensing methods. Results demonstrate the value of high-resolution thermal and NIR imagery, as well as of multi-temporal image analysis, for the detection of archaeological features on and below the ground surface, offering an improved set of methods for the integration of these emerging technologies into archaeological field investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Archaeological Remote Sensing Using Multi-Temporal, Drone-Acquired Thermal and Near Infrared (NIR) Imagery: A Case Study at the Enfield Shaker Village, New Hampshire

2020

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“…Temperature maps of solar-heated, underground targets have patterns of conducted heat generated at subsurface object sites which heat and cool at different rates than the sites of the surrounding materials [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Temperature maps of solar-heated, underground targets have patterns of conducted heat generated at subsurface object sites which heat and cool at different rates than the sites of the surrounding materials [9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Dual-band Infrared (Dbir) Thermal Imaging Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous DBIR applications have depicted: S Geothermal aquifers under 6 to 60 meters of dry soil [7,8], S Cemetery walls, trenches and a building foundation under 80 cm of asphalt and debris [9], S Buried mines, rocks and objects under 1 to 20 cm of disturbed sand, soil, or sod [9][10][11][12][13][14][15], S Airframe corrosion within a lap splice under 1 mm or 2 mm of exposed aluminum skin [15-18]. Typically, the DBIR method provides from five to ten times improved signal-to-noise, and better interpretability, compared to SBIR methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Dual-band infrared imaging to detect corrosion damage within airframes and concrete structures</title>

DelGrande

Durbin

1994

SPIE Proceedings

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We are developing dual-band infrired (DBIR) imaging and detection techniques to inspect airframes and concrete bridge decks for hidden corrosion damage. Using selective DBIR image ratios, we enhanced surface temperature contrast and removed surface emissivity noise associated with clutter. Our surface temperature maps depicted defect sites, which heat and cool at different rates than their surroundings. Our emissivity-ratio maps tagged and removed the masking effects of surface clutter. For airframe inspections, we used time-resolved DBIR temperature, emissivity-ratio and composite thermal inertia maps to locate corrosion-thinning effects within a flash-heated Boeing 737 airframe. Emissivity-ratio maps tagged and removed clutter sites from uneven paint, dirt and surface markers. Temperature and thermal inertia maps characterized defect sites, types, sizes, thicknesses, thermal properties and material-loss effects from airframe corrosion. For concrete inspections, we mapped DBIR temperature and emissivity-ratio patterns to better interpret surrogate delamination sites within naturallyheated, concrete slabs and removed the clutter mask from sand pile-up, grease stains, rocks and other surface objects. SPIE Vol. 2245 Thermosense XVI (1994)! 203 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/21/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx of objects on the concrete block, see Figure 6, were both warmer than the rocks and had higher emissivity-ratio values which contrasted more with the concrete than the rocks. Also, we note that clutter sites from surface objects on the concrete block had sharp edges, whereas surface temperature pauerns of defect sites from surrogate delaminations within concrete slabs had edges which were less well defined. We expect these features to help distinguish corrosion-related delamination sites from surface clutter sites to clarify interpretation of concrete bridge deck inspections. 7.0 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS at the FAA Technical Center for their helpful suggestions. We are grateful for the support efforts of Gary Phipps, Craig Jones, Don Harmon and Pat Walter at Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM where we inspected the Boeing 737 aircraft owned by the FAA/AANC (Aging Aircraft Nondestructive Inspection Center). We thank M. Lawrence and N. Nguyen for calibrated thermistor measurements, M. Gorvad for image processing, L. Hrubisch for the Aerogel samples, M. Finger, David Fields and Michael Carter for use of the Agema DBIR system, Ken Dolan, FAA Project Leader, for helpful suggestions and Sàtish Kulkarni, NDE Section Leader, for his support.

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“…(T/Tav)5 = (S/Say) ' (L/Lav) and E-ratio = (L/Lav)2 I (S/Say) (4) where S is the short-wavelength intensity (e.g., 15), 5av is the average value of the pixels in 5, L is the long wavelength intensity (e.g., 110) and Lay i5 the average value of the pixels in L. See Figure 1 for the Boeing 737 application of (EQ 4).…”

Section: Power Law Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

<title>Dynamic thermal tomography for nondestructive inspection of aging aircraft</title>

et al. 1993

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We apply dual-band infrared (DBIR) imaging as a dynamic thermal tomography tool for wide area inspection of a Boeing 737 aircraft (owned by the FAA/AANC at the Sandia hangar in Albuquerque, NM) and several Boeing KC-135 aircraft panels (used for the round robin experiment conducted at Tinker AFB, OK). Our analyses are discussed in this report. After flash-heating the aircraft skin, we record synchronized DBIR images every 40 ms, from onset to 8 seconds after the heat flash. We analyze selective DBIR image ratios which enhance surface temperature contrast and remove surface-emissivity clutter (from dirt, dents, tape, markings, ink, sealants, uneven paint, paint stripper, exposed metal and roughness variations). The Boeing 737 and KC-135 aircraft fuselage panels have varying percent thickness losses from corrosion. We established the correlation of percent thickness loss with surface temperature rise (above ambient) for a partially corroded F-18 wing box structure (with a 2.9 mm uncorroded thickness) and several aluminum plates (with 1.0, 1.1, 2.3 and 3.9 mm thicknesses) which had 6 to 60 % thickness losses at milled flat-bottom hole sites. Based on this correlation, lap splice temperatures rise 1 °C per 24 5 % material loss at 0.4 s after the heat flash. We tabulate and map corrosion-related percent thickness loss effects (related to the corresponding surface temperature rise at 0.4 s after the heat flash) for the riveted (and bonded) Boeing 737, and the riveted (but unbonded) Boeing KC-135. We map the fuselage composite thermal inertia, (kpc)"2, based on the (inverse) slope of the surface temperature versus inverse square root of time. Composite thermal inertia maps characterize shallow skin defects within the lap splice at early times (<0.3 s) and deeper skin defects within the lap splice at late times (>0.4 s). Late time composite thermal inertia maps depict where corrosion-related thickness losses occur (e.g., on the inside of the Boeing 737 lap splice, beneath the galley and the latrine). Lap splice sites on a typical Boeing KC-135 panel with low composite thermal inertia values had high skin-thickness losses from corrosion. 0-8194-1250-3/93/$6.00 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 07/20/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms SPIE Vol. 2001 Nondestructive Inspection of Aging Aircraft (1993) / 67 Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 07/20/2015 Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms

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Temperature evaluated mine position survey (temps) application of dual-band infrared methodology

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Archaeological Remote Sensing Using Multi-Temporal, Drone-Acquired Thermal and Near Infrared (NIR) Imagery: A Case Study at the Enfield Shaker Village, New Hampshire

Archaeological Remote Sensing Using Multi-Temporal, Drone-Acquired Thermal and Near Infrared (NIR) Imagery: A Case Study at the Enfield Shaker Village, New Hampshire

<title>Dual-band infrared imaging to detect corrosion damage within airframes and concrete structures</title>

<title>Dynamic thermal tomography for nondestructive inspection of aging aircraft</title>

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