Temperature gradients, wavelength-dependent emissivity, and accuracy of high and very-high temperatures measured in the laser-heated diamond cell

Benedetti, L. R.; Loubeyre, P.

doi:10.1080/08957950412331331718

Cited by 126 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Temperature uncertainties related to the solution of Planck's equation are relatively small (o1% relative), which is consistent with the results of thorough reports on accuracy of temperature measurements in LH DACs [39][40][41] . Errors introduced by the optical system were compensated by calibrating the response to tungsten lamp light source.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…43). The total role of minor uncertainties is on the order of ±50 K. In summary, the total uncertainty in temperature measurements can be estimated as ± 150-200 K, which is typical for LH DAC studies 20,34,41 . The temperature measurements are rather accurate above B1,000 K (±150-200 K), whereas below 1,000 K, thermal emission becomes weaker and moves to the IR spectral range, where our radiometry system has a low sensitivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Carbon precipitation from heavy hydrocarbon fluid in deep planetary interiors

Lobanov

Chen

et al. 2013

Nat Commun

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The phase diagram of the carbon-hydrogen system is of great importance to planetary sciences, as hydrocarbons comprise a significant part of icy giant planets and are involved in reduced carbon-oxygen-hydrogen fluid in the deep Earth. Here we use resistively-and laser-heated diamond anvil cells to measure methane melting and chemical reactivity up to 80 GPa and 2,000 K. We show that methane melts congruently below 40 GPa. Hydrogen and elementary carbon appear at temperatures of 41,200 K, whereas heavier alkanes and unsaturated hydrocarbons (424 GPa) form in melts of 41,500 K. The phase composition of carbon-hydrogen fluid evolves towards heavy hydrocarbons at pressures and temperatures representative of Earth's lower mantle. We argue that reduced mantle fluids precipitate diamond upon re-equilibration to lighter species in the upwelling mantle. Likewise, our findings suggest that geophysical models of Uranus and Neptune require reassessment because chemical reactivity of planetary ices is underestimated.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Carbon precipitation from heavy hydrocarbon fluid in deep planetary interiors

Lobanov

Chen

et al. 2013

Nat Commun

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“…Pressure was measured using ruby fluorescence at room temperature (28) and the thermal equation of state of platinum (29) at high temperature. Temperatures were measured by spectroradiometric analysis of thermal emission spectra (30). The diffraction images were integrated with the Fit2d software (31), and the one-dimensional diffraction patterns were processed with the GSAS software package (32) using the LeBail method to identify phases and determine lattice parameters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New host for carbon in the deep Earth

Boulard

Gloter

Corgne

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

126

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The global geochemical carbon cycle involves exchanges between the Earth's interior and the surface. Carbon is recycled into the mantle via subduction mainly as carbonates and is released to the atmosphere via volcanism mostly as CO 2 . The stability of carbonates versus decarbonation and melting is therefore of great interest for understanding the global carbon cycle. For all these reasons, the thermodynamic properties and phase diagrams of these minerals are needed up to core mantle boundary conditions. However, the nature of C-bearing minerals at these conditions remains unclear. Here we show the existence of a new Mg-Fe carbon-bearing compound at depths greater than 1,800 km. Its structure, based on three-membered rings of corner-sharing ðCO 4 Þ 4− tetrahedra, is in close agreement with predictions by first principles quantum calculations [Oganov AR, et al. (2008)

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“…The temperature was determined from spectral radiometry measurements of the pyrometric signal from an area of ∼2×2 µm 2 in the center of the heating spot, with an average uncertainty of ∼100K. The setup and methods are described elsewhere 27,28 . For the samples Be 1 to Be 3, pressed pellets of powdered Be were loaded between plates of NaCl in diamond cells.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%