Temperature mediates continental-scale diversity of microbes in forest soils

Zhou, Jizhong; Deng, Ye; Shen, Lei; Wen, Chongqing; Yan, Qingyun; Ning, Daliang; Qin, Yujia; Xue, Kai; Wu, Liyou; He, Zhili; Voordeckers, James W.; Nostrand, Joy D. Van; Buzzard, Vanessa; Michaletz, Sean T.; Enquist, Brian J.; Weiser, Michael D.; Kaspari, Michael; Waide, Robert B.; Yang, Yunfeng; Brown, James H.

doi:10.1038/ncomms12083

Cited by 513 publications

(445 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…While there is certainly evidence that temperature alone can influence microbial diversity (Zhou et al 2016), the inconsistent responses to elevation in the microbial literature and across taxonomic groups in our study suggests that other environmental factors likely play important roles in controlling the diversity of soil microbial communities. For example, a recently published examination of bacterial richness on the island of Hawaii along a similar elevation-temperature gradient, but where precipitation was constant, found no effect of temperature on bacterial richness (Selmants et al 2016).…”

Section: Controls Over Microbial Richnessmentioning

confidence: 73%

Controls of nitrogen cycling evaluated along a well‐characterized climate gradient

Sperber

Chadwick

Casciotti

et al. 2017

Ecology

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Abstract:Changes in species richness along climatological gradients have been instrumental in developing theories about the general drivers of biodiversity. Previous studies on microbial communities along climate gradients on mountainsides have revealed positive, negative and neutral richness trends. We examined changes in richness and composition of Fungi, Bacteria and Archaea in soil along a 50-1000 m elevation, 280-3280 mm/yr precipitation gradient in Hawai'i. Soil properties and their drivers are exceptionally well understood along this gradient. All three microbial groups responded strongly to the gradient, with community ordinations being similar along axes of environmental conditions (pH, rainfall) and resource availability (nitrogen, phosphorus).However, the form of the richness-climate relationship varied between Fungi (positive-linear), Bacteria (unimodal), and Archaea (negative-linear). These differences were related to resourceecology and limiting conditions for each group, with fungal richness increasing most strongly with soil carbon, ammonia-oxidizing Archaea increasing with nitrogen mineralization rate, and Bacteria increasing with both carbon and pH. Reponses to the gradient became increasingly variable at finer taxonomic scales and within any taxonomic group individual OTUs occurred in narrow climate-elevation ranges. These results show that microbial responses to climate gradients are heterogeneous due to complexity of underlying environmental changes and the diverse ecologies of microbial taxa.

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Section: Controls Over Microbial Richnessmentioning

confidence: 73%

Controls of nitrogen cycling evaluated along a well‐characterized climate gradient

Sperber

Chadwick

Casciotti

et al. 2017

Ecology

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Section: A Resource For Theoretical Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microbial community richness has been found to correlate with environmental factors, including pH and temperature 3,33,35,36 . For example, richness has been shown to increase up to neutral pH 36 and often decrease above neutral pH 3,35 in soil communities. Richness has been shown to increase with temperature up to a limit and then decrease beyond that limit in seawater (maximum at ~19 °C) 33 and to increase with temperature in soil (up to at least ~26 °C) 36 .…”

Section: A Resource For Theoretical Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, richness has been shown to increase up to neutral pH 36 and often decrease above neutral pH 3,35 in soil communities. Richness has been shown to increase with temperature up to a limit and then decrease beyond that limit in seawater (maximum at ~19 °C) 33 and to increase with temperature in soil (up to at least ~26 °C) 36 . However, general relationships of richness to temperature and pH remain unresolved 37 .…”

Section: A Resource For Theoretical Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A communal catalogue reveals Earth’s multiscale microbial diversity

Thompson¹,

Sanders²,

McDonald³

et al. 2017

Nature

2,095

1,758

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A primary aim of microbial ecology is to determine patterns and drivers of community distribution, interaction, and assembly amidst complexity and uncertainty. Microbial community composition has been shown to change across gradients of environment, geographic distance, salinity, temperature, oxygen, nutrients, pH, day length, and biotic factors 1-6 . These patterns have been identified mostly by focusing on one sample type and region at a time, with insights extra polated across environments and geography to produce generalized principles. To assess how microbes are distributed across environments globally-or whether microbial community dynamics follow funda mental ecological 'laws' at a planetary scale-requires either a massive monolithic cross environment survey or a practical methodology for coordinating many independent surveys. New studies of microbial environments are rapidly accumulating; however, our ability to extract meaningful information from across datasets is outstripped by the rate of data generation. Previous meta analyses have suggested robust gen eral trends in community composition, including the importance of salinity 1 and animal association 2 . These findings, although derived from relatively small and uncontrolled sample sets, support the util ity of meta analysis to reveal basic patterns of microbial diversity and suggest that a scalable and accessible analytical framework is needed.The Earth Microbiome Project (EMP, http://www.earthmicrobiome. org) was founded in 2010 to sample the Earth's microbial communities at an unprecedented scale in order to advance our understanding of the organizing biogeographic principles that govern microbial commu nity structure 7,8 . We recognized that open and collaborative science, including scientific crowdsourcing and standardized methods 8 , would help to reduce technical variation among individual studies, which can overwhelm biological variation and make general trends difficult to detect 9 . Comprising around 100 studies, over half of which have yielded peer reviewed publications (Supplementary Table 1), the EMP has now dwarfed by 100 fold the sampling and sequencing depth of earlier meta analysis efforts 1,2 ; concurrently, powerful analysis tools have been developed, opening a new and larger window into the distri bution of microbial diversity on Earth. In establishing a scalable frame work to catalogue microbiota globally, we provide both a resource for the exploration of myriad questions and a starting point for the guided acquisition of new data to answer them. As an example of using this Our growing awareness of the microbial world's importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of r...

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“…According to Frouz et al (2006) soil macrofauna significantly affected microbial biomass, basal soil respiration and C:N ratio in deeper soil horizon. Biological activity in topsoil and litter layer is strongly governed by abiotic factors such as soil temperature, pH and humidity, and biotic factor such as interaction with aboveground biomass (Wardle et al, 2004;Rousk et al, 2010;Zhou et al, 2016). However Crowther et al (2011) recorded species-specific impact of soil fauna on enzyme activity in laboratory attempts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme activity of topsoil layer on reclaimed and unreclaimed post-mining sites

Heděnec¹,

Vindušková²,

Kukla³

et al. 2017

BioComm

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Topsoil layer contains various components of soil organic matter such as branches, leaves, bark, or metabolites and residues of soil biota. Soil organic matter (SOM) in forest ecosystems consists mostly of lignin, cellulose, chitin and other hydrocarbons. These compounds are decomposed mainly by soil fungi which produce extracellular enzymes to decompose wide range of organic residues. These enzymes may alter nutrient cycling and change soil properties such as water retention capacity, ion exchange capacity, formation of soil microstructure, soil microbial respiration, etc. In this study, we studied enzyme activity in the topsoil layer of postmining spoil heaps near Sokolov, Czech Republic. We investigated the effect of the following factors and their combinations on enzyme activity: i) dominant vegetation, ii) time of sampling, iii) reclamation, and iv) soil macrofauna.We measured enzyme activity in plastic mesocosms with autochthonous litter deposited on reclaimed and unreclaimed post-mining sites. We used mesocosms accessible for macrofauna (mesh size > 2 mm) and mesocosms inaccessible for macrofauna (mesh size < 2 mm). Under laboratory conditions, we measured enzyme activity (laccase, oxidase, peroxidase, Mn-peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, endoglucanase, xylanase, cellobiohydrolase, glucosidase, xylosidase and chitinase) using buffer extraction method followed by spectrophotometric assay. We did not find any statistically significant difference between mesocosms accessible and inaccessible for fauna. However, we found significant effect of time of sampling on enzyme activity. Our results showed significant difference between reclaimed and unreclaimed post-mining sites. Reclaimed sites showed significantly higher enzyme activity than unreclaimed sites.

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Temperature mediates continental-scale diversity of microbes in forest soils

Cited by 513 publications

References 63 publications

Controls of nitrogen cycling evaluated along a well‐characterized climate gradient

Controls of nitrogen cycling evaluated along a well‐characterized climate gradient

A communal catalogue reveals Earth’s multiscale microbial diversity

Enzyme activity of topsoil layer on reclaimed and unreclaimed post-mining sites

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