Temperature optima of a natural diatom population increases as global warming proceeds

Hattich, G. S. I.; Jokinen, S.; Sildever, S.; Gareis, M.; Heikkinen, J.; Junghardt, N.; Segovia, M.; Machado, M.; Sjöqvist, C.

doi:10.1038/s41558-024-01981-9

Cited by 4 publications

References 84 publications

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Past foraminiferal acclimatization capacity is limited during future warming

Ying,

Monteiro,

Wilson

et al. 2024

Nature

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Climate change affects marine organisms, causing migrations, biomass reduction and extinctions1,2. However, the abilities of marine species to adapt to these changes remain poorly constrained on both geological and anthropogenic timescales. Here we combine the fossil record and a global trait-based plankton model to study optimal temperatures of marine calcifying zooplankton (foraminifera, Rhizaria) through time. The results show that spinose foraminifera with algal symbionts acclimatized to deglacial warming at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 19–21 thousand years ago, ka), whereas foraminifera without symbionts (non-spinose or spinose) kept the same thermal preference and migrated polewards. However, when forcing the trait-based plankton model with rapid transient warming over the coming century (1.5 °C, 2 °C, 3 °C and 4 °C relative to pre-industrial baseline), the model suggests that the acclimatization capacities of all ecogroups are limited and insufficient to track warming rates. Therefore, foraminifera are projected to migrate polewards and reduce their global carbon biomass by 5.7–15.1% (depending on the warming) by 2100 relative to 1900–1950. Our study highlights the different challenges posed by anthropogenic and geological warming for marine plankton and their ecosystem functions.

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Past foraminiferal acclimatization capacity is limited during future warming

Ying,

Monteiro,

Wilson

et al. 2024

Nature

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Dispersal evolution can only rescue a limited set of species from climate change

Kamal,

Thompson,

Lewis

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Altered environmental conditions due to anthropogenic climate change, such as rising temperatures, threaten biodiversity on Earth. In response, species may adapt evolutionarily to the novel environments and/or shift their ranges via dispersal to colonize suitable habitats. However, dispersal itself can evolve on ecological timescales, which could impact biodiversity maintenance under global change. Here, we explore theoretically how dispersal evolution modulates the response of metacommunities to climate change. We find that this response is heavily contingent on the environmental conditions experienced by the metacommunity prior to climate change. In particular, highly variable environments harbour dispersive but species-sparse communities. Species from such environments are more likely to survive climate change, as they can rapidly shift their ranges with their evolved dispersal abilities. In contrast, more stable environments lead to the evolution of less dispersive but more diverse metacommunities. Species' survival during climate change in such environments is less likely and depends on the evolvability of dispersal, as historically stable environments may lead to robust dispersal traits. We identify a limited set of scenarios in which contemporary dispersal evolution can rescue species from climate change. In doing so, we stress the importance of species' evolutionary histories and evolutionary rates, as determined by their genotype-phenotype maps, for their responses to rapid environmental change.

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H3K27me3 and EZH Are Involved in the Control of the Heat-Stress-Elicited Morphological Changes in Diatoms

Zarif,

Rousselot,

Jesus

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Marine water temperatures are increasing due to anthropogenic climate change, constituting a major threat to marine ecosystems. Diatoms are major marine primary producers, and as such, they are subjected to marine heat waves and rising ocean temperatures. Additionally, under low tide, diatoms are regularly exposed to high temperatures. However, physiological and epigenetic responses to long-term exposure to heat stress remain largely unknown in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. In this study, we investigated changes in cell morphology, photosynthesis, and H3K27me3 abundance (an epigenetic mark consisting of the tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3) after moderate and elevated heat stresses. Mutants impaired in PtEZH—the enzyme depositing H3K27me3—presented reduced growth and moderate changes in their PSII quantum capacities. We observed shape changes for the three morphotypes of P. tricornutum (fusiform, oval, and triradiate) in response to heat stress. These changes were found to be under the control of PtEZH. Additionally, both moderate and elevated heat stresses modulated the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in photosynthesis. Finally, heat stress elicited a reduction of genome-wide H3K27me3 levels in the various morphotypes. Hence, we provided direct evidence of epigenetic control of the H3K27me3 mark in the responses of Phaeodactylum tricornutum to heat stress.

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Temperature optima of a natural diatom population increases as global warming proceeds

Cited by 4 publications

References 84 publications

Past foraminiferal acclimatization capacity is limited during future warming

Past foraminiferal acclimatization capacity is limited during future warming

Dispersal evolution can only rescue a limited set of species from climate change

H3K27me3 and EZH Are Involved in the Control of the Heat-Stress-Elicited Morphological Changes in Diatoms

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