Temperature Reactions in Mice Infected with Pneumococci.

Larson, W. P.; Bieter, Raymond N.; Levine, Milton I; McLimans, William F.

doi:10.3181/00379727-42-11006

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Generalisation of our results is therefore further limited by the physiological differences between rabbits, mice and man. Most notably, unlike most mammalian species, mice generally do not generate febrile responses to S pneumoniae infection9 and relative hypothermia may in fact be protective 10 11. Furthermore, while the primary outcome variable in all experiments was mortality (or survival) it was the anti-inflammatory effect of aspirin, not antipyretic actions, which was the purpose of the experiments by Esposito et al 33.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further experiments in S pneumoniae infected rabbits demonstrated higher mortality rates with external cooling 7 8. In contrast, others demonstrated increased mortality in mice exposed to raised environmental temperatures9 and reduced mortality rates in mice subjected to drug induced hypothermia 10 11. However, in rabbits infected with S pneumoniae , a febrile response was associated with improved outcomes 7 12.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of antipyretic medications on mortality in Streptococcus pneumoniae infections

Jefferies

Weatherall

Young

et al. 2011

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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A twofold increased risk of mortality was found with aspirin treatment in animal models of S pneumoniae infection. No relevant human studies were identified. It is difficult to generalise from animal models to clinical medicine, but based on these findings and the prevalence and severity of S pneumoniae infections worldwide, future study of the effects of antipyretic therapy in S pneumoniae infection in humans is recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of antipyretic medications on mortality in Streptococcus pneumoniae infections

Jefferies

Weatherall

Young

et al. 2011

Postgraduate Medical Journal

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“…Hypothermia has been recognized previously in models of pneumococcal pneumonia (29) and may be beneficial to the host as pneumococci cannot multiply as quickly at hypothermic temperatures as they can at 37°C, both in vivo and in vitro (13,14). Additionally, the immune response may be affected as low temperatures down-regulate cytokine levels (21) and reduce the phagocytic index (13,14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Inflammatory Mediators in Resistance and Susceptibility to Pneumococcal Infection

et al. 2002

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Variations in the host response during pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in susceptible (CBA/Ca) and resistant (BALB/c) inbred mouse strains were investigated. Significant differences were detected in survival time, core body temperature, lung-associated and systemic bacterial loads, mast cell numbers, magnitude and location of cytokine production, lung disruption, and ability of isolated lung cells to release the cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha in vitro. Overall, the results indicate that the reduced capacity of CBA/Ca mice to induce rapid TNF activity within the airways following infection with S. pneumoniae may be a factor in their elevated susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia.

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“…While rabbits are generally resistant to type I11 S. pneumoniue, mice are particularly susceptible, and this susceptibility is attributed to the fact that mice remain afebrile or become hypothermic in response to infection [Bennett and Cluff, 1957;Larson et al, 1939;Rich and McKee, 19361. There have been a few studies on the effect of temperature on the survival of mice infected with type I11 S. pneumoniue, and results are considerably different than those observed in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of microwave exposure and temperature on survival of mice infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae

Liddle

Putnam

Lewter

1987

Bioelectromagnetics

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Female CD-1 mice were injected with an LD50 dose of Streptococcus pneumoniae and then exposed to 2.45 GHz (CW) microwave radiation at an incident power density of 10 mW/cm2 (SAR = 6.8 W/kg), 4 h/d for 5 d at ambient temperatures of 19 degrees C, 22 degrees C, 25 degrees C, 28 degrees C, 31 degrees C, 34 degrees C, 37 degrees C and 40 degrees C. Four groups of 25 animals were exposed at each temperature with an equal number of animals concurrently sham-exposed. Survival was observed for a 10-d period after infection. Survival of the sham-exposed animals increased as ambient temperature increased from 19 degrees C-34 degrees C. At ambient temperatures at or above 37 degrees C the heat induced in the body exceeded the thermoregulatory capacity of the animals and deaths from hyperthermia occurred. Survival of the microwave-exposed animals was significantly greater than the shams (approximately 20%) at each ambient temperature below 34 degrees C. Based on an analysis of the data it appears that the hyperthermia induced by microwave exposure may be more effective in increasing survival in infected mice than hyperthermia produced by conventional methods (ie, high ambient temperature). Microwave radiation may be beneficial to infected animals at low and moderate ambient temperatures, but it is detrimental when combined with high ambient temperatures.

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Temperature Reactions in Mice Infected with Pneumococci.

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of antipyretic medications on mortality in Streptococcus pneumoniae infections

Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of antipyretic medications on mortality in Streptococcus pneumoniae infections

Role of Inflammatory Mediators in Resistance and Susceptibility to Pneumococcal Infection

Effects of microwave exposure and temperature on survival of mice infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae

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