Temperature regulation

Abstract

Under all but the most extreme environmental heat conditions, children control their body temperature (at rest and during exercise) as well as adults. Children, however, use a different thermoregulatory strategy. Compared with adults, children rely more on dry heat dissipation and less on evaporative cooling (sweating). Their larger skin surface-area relative to mass does put children at increasing disadvantage, relative to adults, as ambient temperatures rise above skin temperature. Similarly, they become increasingly disadvantaged upon exposure to decreasing temperatures below the thermo-neutral zone. Like adults, children inadvertently dehydrate while exercising in hot conditions and are often hypohydrated, even before exercise, and their core temperature rises considerably more than adults in response to a given fluid (sweat) loss, which may put them at higher risk for heat-related injury. However, epidemiological data show rates of both heat- and cold-related injuries among children and adolescents as similar or lower than at any other age.

Effects of strength training on ankle injuries in soccer players: a systematic review

“…Similarly, strength training in young people can reduce the residual effects of ankle injury (Cain et al, 2020), improve metabolic profiles, reduce the risk of obesity, prevent the onset of non-communicable diseases, and improve mental health (Falk & Dotan, 2019), demonstrating the importance of developing strength-based programs to promote the overall health of young athletes. This review could not determine whether strength training was effective in reducing ankle injuries in soccer, which can be explained by the low number of randomized clinical trials that analyzed the incidence of ankle injury through strength training.…”