Temperature-related timing of the spring bloom and match between phytoplankton and zooplankton

Almén, Anna-Karin; Tamelander, Tobias

doi:10.1080/17451000.2020.1846201

Cited by 16 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…We can also suspect greater interference during summer blooms of cyanobacteria and minor contribution throughout the year as there are always small quantities of chlorophylls and phycocyanin of phytoplankton origin in the surface waters. The spring bloom duration in the Baltic Sea is about one and a half months (Groetsch et al, 2016) and the peak of the bloom in 2018 coincided with the end of the FerryBox experiment (Almén and Tamelander, 2020). Nevertheless, we did not see the signal enhancing effect of the phytoplankton during the FerryBox experiment, as the PAH signals should have increased toward the end of the testing period together with the bloom intensity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Oil Spill Detection Using Fluorometric Sensors: Laboratory Validation and Implementation to a FerryBox and a Moored SmartBuoy

et al. 2021

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A large part of oil spills happen near busy marine fairways. Presently, oil spill detection and monitoring are mostly done with satellite remote sensing algorithms, or with remote sensors or visual surveillance from aerial vehicles or ships. These techniques have their drawbacks and limitations. We evaluated the feasibility of using fluorometric sensors in flow-through systems for real-time detection of oil spills. The sensors were capable of detecting diesel oil for at least 20 days in laboratory conditions, but the presence of CDOM, turbidity and algae-derived substances substantially affected the detection capabilities. Algae extract was observed to have the strongest effect on the fluorescence signal, enhancing the signal in all combinations of sensors and solutions. The sensors were then integrated to a FerryBox system and a moored SmartBuoy. The field tests support the results of the laboratory experiments, namely that the primary source of the measured variation was the presence of interference compounds. The 2 month experiments data did not reveal peaks indicative of oil spills. Both autonomous systems worked well, providing real-time data. The main uncertainty is how the sensors' calibration and specificity to oil, and the measurement depth, affects oil detection. We recommend exploring mathematical approaches and more advanced sensors to correct for natural interferences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Oil Spill Detection Using Fluorometric Sensors: Laboratory Validation and Implementation to a FerryBox and a Moored SmartBuoy

et al. 2021

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“…Accordingly, elevated seawater temperatures in spring have advanced the timing of the spring bloom in the study region (Wasmund et al . 2019 ), associated with a shorter lag between phyto- and zooplankton biomass peaks (Almén and Tamelander 2020 ). Although primary production generally increases with eutrophication, the negative effects later in the season override the positive feedback for the spring blooming species.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal escape–adaptation to eutrophication by Skeletonema marinoi

Olofsson

Almén

Jaatinen³

et al. 2022

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Diatoms commonly set off the spring-bloom in temperate coastal environments. However, their temporal offset may change in regions subject to nutrient enrichment, and by peaking earlier, such populations can maintain their position in the vernal plankton succession. We tested whether the marine keystone diatom Skeletonema marinoi can accomplish this through thermal evolutionary adaptation. Eight geographically separated subpopulations, representing hydromorphologically and climatologically similar inlets displaying a range of trophic states, were compared in a common-garden experiment. At early-spring temperatures, both doubling times and variation coefficients thereof, correlated negatively with the trophic state of the environment of origin, indicating selection for fast growth due to eutrophication. At mid-spring temperatures, the relationships were reversed, indicating selection in the opposite direction. At late-spring temperatures, no significant relationships were detected, suggesting relaxed selection. Subsequent field observations reflected these findings, where blooming temperatures decreased with trophic state. Natural selection thus moves along with eutrophication towards colder temperatures earlier in the spring, favouring genotypes with the capacity to grow fast. The thermal niche shift demonstrated herein may be an evolutionary mechanism essentially leading to trophic changes in the local ecosystem.

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“…In our study regions, phytoplankton responses to favorable growth conditions will occur within a time span of a day to a week. However, zooplankton blooms develop over longer and highly variable durations that can range from days to months depending on taxa, temperature, and species‐specific phenological patterns (Almén & Tamelander, 2020; Riegman et al., 1993). These lags can thus obscure relationships between plankton size spectra and other ecosystem metrics, particularly in cold regions with slow‐growing taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Plankton Size Spectra, Net Primary Production, and the Biological Carbon Pump

Stukel,

Décima,

Kelly

et al. 2024

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Photosynthesis in the surface ocean and subsequent export of a fraction of this fixed carbon leads to carbon dioxide sequestration in the deep ocean. Ecological relationships among plankton functional groups and theoretical relationships between particle size and sinking rate suggest that carbon export from the euphotic zone is more efficient when communities are dominated by large organisms. However, this hypothesis has never been tested against measured size spectra spanning the >5 orders of magnitude found in plankton communities. Using data from five ocean regions (California Current Ecosystem, North Pacific subtropical gyre, Costa Rica Dome, Gulf of Mexico, and Southern Ocean subtropical front), we quantified carbon‐based plankton size spectra from heterotrophic bacteria to metazoan zooplankton (size class cutoffs varied slightly between regions) and their relationship to net primary production and sinking particle flux. Slopes of the normalized biomass size spectra (NBSS) varied from −1.6 to −1.2 (median slope of −1.4 equates to large 1–10 mm organisms having a biomass equal to only 7.6% of the biomass in small 1–10 μm organisms). Net primary production was positively correlated with the NBSS slope, with a particularly strong relationship in the microbial portion of the size spectra. While organic carbon export co‐varied with NBSS slope, we found only weak evidence that export efficiency is related to plankton community size spectra. Multi‐variate statistical analysis suggested that properties of the NBSS added no explanatory power over chlorophyll, primary production, and temperature. Rather, the results suggest that both plankton size spectra and carbon export increase with increasing system productivity.

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Temperature-related timing of the spring bloom and match between phytoplankton and zooplankton

Cited by 16 publications

References 58 publications

Oil Spill Detection Using Fluorometric Sensors: Laboratory Validation and Implementation to a FerryBox and a Moored SmartBuoy

Oil Spill Detection Using Fluorometric Sensors: Laboratory Validation and Implementation to a FerryBox and a Moored SmartBuoy

Temporal escape–adaptation to eutrophication by Skeletonema marinoi

Relationships Between Plankton Size Spectra, Net Primary Production, and the Biological Carbon Pump

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