Temperature responses of tropical maize cultivars selected for broad adaptation

Lafïtte, H.R.; Edmeades, G.O.; Johnson, Elden

doi:10.1016/s0378-4290(96)01006-4

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We observe similar patterns for other environmental variables including mean temperature, precipitation, isothermality, and the number of wet days an experimental trial receives (Supplemental Figs. S4-S7), suggesting broad adaptation to local environments, consistent with previous transplant experiments (24; 25).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Single-gene resolution of locally adaptive genetic variation in Mexican maize

Gates

Runcie

Janzen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Threats to crop production due to climate change are one of the greatest challenges facing plant breeders today. While considerable adaptive variation exists in traditional landraces, natural populations of crop wild relatives, and ex situ germplasm collections, separating adaptive alleles from linked deleterious variants that impact agronomic traits is challenging and has limited the utility of these diverse germplasm resources. Modern genome editing techniques such as CRISPR offer a potential solution by targeting specific alleles for transfer to new backgrounds, but such methods require a higher degree of precision than traditional mapping approaches can achieve. Here we present a high-resolution genome-wide association analysis to identify loci exhibiting adaptive patterns in a large panel of more than 4500 traditional maize landraces representing the breadth of genetic diversity of maize in Mexico. We evaluate associations between genotype and plant performance in 13 common gardens across a range of environments, identifying hundreds of candidate genes underlying genotype by environment interaction. We further identify genetic associations with environment across Mexico and show that such loci are associated with variation in yield and flowering time in our field trials and predict performance in independent drought trials. Our results indicate that the variation necessary to adapt crops to changing climate exists in traditional landraces that have been subject to ongoing environmental adaptation and can be identified by both phenotypic and environmental association.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Single-gene resolution of locally adaptive genetic variation in Mexican maize

Gates

Runcie

Janzen

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…The breeding of hybrids that are universally adapted may, therefore, not be possible because it may not be possible to select for genotypes that are temperature insensitive. This corresponds with the findings of Lafitte, Edmeades and Johnson (1997), that it may not be possible to select high yielding maize varieties that are adapted over temperature ranges from l3°C to 28°C, but that broad hybrid adaptation is possible across narrower temperature ranges.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Broad cultivar adaptation is only possible across a moderate range of temperatures, but probably not across wide temperature ranges. This is because cool and warm temperature adaptations may be mutually exclusive traits (Cross a, Thaba & Wellhausen, 1990;Eagles & Lothrop, 1994;Lafitte Edmeades & Johnson, 1997). Furthermore, the rate of development from planting to anthesis is a function of temperature as experienced by the growth point, rather than photosynthesis (Duncan, 1975).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An explanation of genotype by environment interaction for maize in South Africa

Laubscher¹,

Roux

Geerthsen

2000

South African Journal of Plant and Soil

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The causes of genotype interaction with the environment was investigated using AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) analysis. AMMI quantified environments by means of E_IPCA 1 (first principal component analysis for environment) such that it was highly significantly correlated (r = -0.79) with accumulated growing degree units (GDUs) during the growing season. G_IPCA 1 (first principal component analysis for genotype) scores were highly significantly correlated with growth rate related observations, such as days to 50% pollen shed (-0.77), days to physiological maturity (-0.81), and grain moisture at harvest (-0.87). Multiple linear regression analysis of data led to the conclusion that G _IPCA 1 scores can be explained with R2 = 0.80 accuracy from a combination of grain moisture at harvest and either days to physiological maturity, or days to pollen shed. The AMMI required that E_IPCA1 and GJPCA1 scores shouldrboth be either positive or negative in order to increase AMMI1 yield estimates. This means that hybrids with a slower growth rate will be better adapted to environments with more GDUs during the growing season, and hybrids with a faster growth rate will be better adapted to environments with less GDUs during the growing season. This conclusion suggests that temperature, especially minimum night temperature, which determines the rate of development between physiological stages in the maize plant, may be a major contributor to genotype by environment interaction.

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“…LAFITTE et al (1997) afirmam que a temperatura ótima para muitos processos fisiológicos no milho, como respiração e translocação de carboidratos, obedecem a uma faixa em que seu desempenho, na determinação do número de grãos por planta, não é afetado. Em áreas tropicais, esse é o principal parâmetro responsável pelas maiores oscilações de produtividade da cultura.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Crescimento e produtividade de duas cultivares de milho de alta qualidade protéica em solo de baixa fertilidade

Aguiar¹,

Moura²

2003

Bragantia

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As cultivares de milho com proteína de alto valor biológico (QPM), lançadas pela EMBRAPA, podem-se constituir em boa alternativa para a agricultura familiar brasileira. No trópico úmido seu desempenho dever ser confirmado nas condições prevalentes entre os agricultores. Diante disso, foi instalado, em janeiro de 1999, em Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo Distrófico arênico e sob sistema de cultivo em aléias, um experimento em blocos ao acaso, com parcelas de 4 x 6 m² e quatro repetições, para avaliar o crescimento e a produtividade de duas cultivares de milho de alto valor protéico (BR 473 e BR 2121), em comparação com outras três utilizadas na agricultura maranhense: Ferro (cultivar tradicional, recolhida junto aos agricultores), BR 106 e AG 1051 (de baixo e médio nível tecnológico respectivamente). Foram avaliados o índice de área foliar, a taxa de assimilação líquida, o número de espigas, grãos por espiga, massa da espiga e de 100 grãos e o índice de colheita. Concluiu-se que a cultivar BR 473 pode ser recomendada para condições de solos ácidos de baixa fertilidade e para temperaturas altas, exceto BR 2121. A cultivar AG 1051 apresentou produtividade muito superior em relação às demais cultivares. O uso generalizado da cultivar Ferro pela agricultura familiar só se justifica pela possibilidade de armazenamento na lavoura, que consiste em deixar o milho no campo, vários meses após a maturação, pela sua alta resistência às pragas de pós-colheita; ademais sua produtividade foi menor que todas as outras cultivares testadas.

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Temperature responses of tropical maize cultivars selected for broad adaptation

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Single-gene resolution of locally adaptive genetic variation in Mexican maize

Single-gene resolution of locally adaptive genetic variation in Mexican maize

An explanation of genotype by environment interaction for maize in South Africa

Crescimento e produtividade de duas cultivares de milho de alta qualidade protéica em solo de baixa fertilidade

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