Temperature sensitivity of woody nitrogen fixation across species and growing temperatures

Bytnerowicz, Thomas A.; Akana, Palani R.; Griffin, Kevin L.; Menge, Duncan N. L.

doi:10.1038/s41477-021-01090-x

Cited by 30 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Other land models that include a temperature dependence function of BNF use one derived primarily from observations of free‐living BNF for the temperature dependence function of symbiotic BNF (e.g., CLM5). Because these have different optima (25.2°C for free‐living BNF (Houlton et al., 2008) versus 32.7°C for symbiotic BNF (Bytnerowicz et al., 2022)), their distinction is important for representing the dynamic response of vegetation to N limitation. Additionally, the temperature dependence function of BNF could be PFT‐specific, the C cost of symbiotic BNF may also be dependent on temperature, and temperature acclimation may occur.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…b BNF,s = 0 for crops whereas b BNF,s > 0 for natural PFTs to account for the artificial selection of N-fixing crops over 4,000 years (O'Hara, 1998). f(T) = max(0, (44.83−T/44.83-32.71) (T−1.41/32.71-1.41) 32.71−1.41/44.83−32.71 ) is the temperature dependence function of symbiotic BNF (unitless) from Bytnerowicz et al (2022), where T is the soil temperature of the top soil layer (˚C). B s as a function of varying N stress (assuming constant T) is illustrated in Figure S2a in Supporting Information S1.…”

Section: Symbiotic Bnfmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Representing the Dynamic Response of Vegetation to Nitrogen Limitation via Biological Nitrogen Fixation in the CLASSIC Land Model

Kou‐Giesbrecht

Arora

2022

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Despite its pivotal feedback to carbon cycling, representing the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation is a key challenge for simulating the terrestrial carbon sink with land models. Here, we explore a representation of this dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation with a novel representation of biological nitrogen fixation and nitrogen cycling in the Canadian Land Surface Scheme Including Biogeochemical Cycles. First, we assess how incorporating the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation via biological nitrogen fixation influences the response to CO2 and nitrogen fertilization experiments, comparing simulations against observation‐based estimates from meta‐analyses. This evaluates whether the underlying mechanisms are realistically represented. Second, we assess how incorporating the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation via biological nitrogen fixation affects simulated terrestrial carbon sequestration over the 20th and early 21st century, examining the effects of global change drivers (CO2, nitrogen deposition, climate, and land‐use change) acting both individually and concurrently. Including nitrogen cycling reduces the terrestrial carbon sink driven by elevated CO2 over the historical period. Representing the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation via biological nitrogen fixation increases the estimate of the present‐day terrestrial carbon sink by 0.2 Pg C yr−1 (because elevated CO2 intensifies nitrogen limitation, which drives the upregulation of biological nitrogen fixation, alleviating nitrogen limitation). Our results highlight the importance of the dynamic response of vegetation to nitrogen limitation for realistically projecting the future terrestrial carbon sink under global change with land models.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Symbiotic Bnfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Representing the Dynamic Response of Vegetation to Nitrogen Limitation via Biological Nitrogen Fixation in the CLASSIC Land Model

Kou‐Giesbrecht

Arora

2022

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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“…Documenting tree growth sensitivity and adaptability to shifting temperature distributions also requires to accurately estimate non‐linear impacts of temperature on tree growth. Such non‐linear responses to temperature have been documented experimentally for different physiological processes underlying growth, such as net photosynthesis (Kattge & Knorr, 2007; Lloyd & Farquhar, 2008; Medlyn et al, 2002; Waring & Running, 2010), nitrogen fixation (Bytnerowicz et al, 2022), and the timing of cambial reactivation (Begum et al, 2018). However, tree growth is a complex combination of carbon assimilation and other processes, such that high temperatures might start to inhibit tree growth at lower levels compared to carbon exchange processes (Fatichi et al, 2014), which calls for a more precise estimation of growth‐specific non‐linearities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Documenting tree growth sensitivity and adaptability to shifting temperature distributions also requires to accurately estimate nonlinear impacts of temperature on tree growth. Such non-linear responses to temperature have been documented experimentally for different physiological processes underlying growth, such as net photosynthesis (Kattge & Knorr, 2007;Lloyd & Farquhar, 2008;Medlyn et al, 2002;Waring & Running, 2010), nitrogen fixation (Bytnerowicz et al, 2022), and the timing of cambial reactivation (Begum et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

New tree‐level temperature response curves document sensitivity of tree growth to high temperatures across a US‐wide climatic gradient

Gantois

2022

Global Change Biology

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Temperature is a key climate indicator, whose distribution is expected to shift right in a warming world. However, the high-temperature tolerance of trees is less widely understood than their drought tolerance, especially when it comes to sub-lethal impacts of temperature on tree growth. I use a large data set of annual tree ring widths, combined with a flexible degree day model, to estimate the relationship between temperature and tree radial growth. I find that tree radial growth responds non-linearly to temperature across many ecoregions of the United States: across temperate and/ or dry ecoregions, spring-summer temperature increases are beneficial or mostly neutral for tree growth up to around 25-30°C in humid climates and 10-15°C in dry climates, beyond which temperature increases suppress growth. Thirty additional degree days above the optimal temperature breakpoint lead to an average decrease in tree ring width of around 1%-5%, depending on ecoregions, seasons, and inclusion or exclusion of temperature-mediated drought impacts. High temperatures have legacy effects across a 5-year horizon in dry ecoregions, but none in the temperatehumid South-East or among temperature-sensitive trees. I find limited evidence that trees acclimatize to high temperatures within their lifetime: local variation in early exposure to high temperatures, which stems from local variation in the timing of tree birth, does not significantly impact the response to high temperatures, although temperature-sensitive trees acquire some heightened sensitivity from early exposure.I also find some evidence that trees adapt to high temperatures in the long run: across humid ecoregions of the United States, high temperatures are 40% less harmful to tree growth, where their average incidence is one standard deviation above average. Overall, these results highlight the strength of a new methodology which, applied to representative tree ring data, could contribute to predicting forest carbon uptake potential and composition under global change.

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“…A direct measurement of plant and fungal performance, and quantification of P uptake before and after extreme weather treatments revealed that plants and AM fungi were affected by soil flooding, but not upon heat treatment ( Van 't Padje et al, 2021). Interestingly, nitrogen fixation in legume trees strongly increases upon temperature increase, suggesting that plant carbon and N gain are decoupled with respect to temperature (Bytnerowicz et al, 2022). On the other hand, Fu et al (2022) investigated AM communities in Inner Mongolia, when thriving in grassland extreme drought conditions.…”

Section: Our Planet Today: Above and Below The Groundmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to reconnect mycorrhizal research with natural environments

Bonfante

2022

Environmental Microbiology

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Temperature sensitivity of woody nitrogen fixation across species and growing temperatures

Cited by 30 publications

References 48 publications

Representing the Dynamic Response of Vegetation to Nitrogen Limitation via Biological Nitrogen Fixation in the CLASSIC Land Model

Representing the Dynamic Response of Vegetation to Nitrogen Limitation via Biological Nitrogen Fixation in the CLASSIC Land Model

New tree‐level temperature response curves document sensitivity of tree growth to high temperatures across a US‐wide climatic gradient

How to reconnect mycorrhizal research with natural environments

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