Temperature Variability at Local Scale in the Bordeaux Area. Relations With Environmental Factors and Impact on Vine Phenology

Rességuier, Laure de; Mary, Séverine; Roux, Renan Le; Petitjean, Théo; Quénol, Hervé; Leeuwen, Cornelis van

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.00515

Cited by 46 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Flowering date variability between the earliest and latest plots was significantly reduced in comparison to budbreak, with 6 days in 2019 and 2017, and only 4 days in 2018 ( Figure 5). This reduced window for flowering between plots is observed in other studies as well (de Rességuier et al, 2020).…”

Section: Climate and Phenologysupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The differences in monthly mean temperatures between most extreme plots were on average 2 °C ± 0.45 and 395 ± 88 GDDs, which corresponds to a difference of more than two Winkler classes (Winkler et al, 1974), thus theoretically requiring an adaptation to later ripening varieties in plots, which accumulate the highest GDDs. Such a high spatial variability has been recorded for other viticultural regions, such as in a recent study in the Bordeaux appellations, Saint-Émilion, Pomerol and their satellites, with CWI spatial variations of up to 320 GDDs (de Rességuier et al, 2020). The latter study, however, involved a vineyard surface area of 19,233 ha and is thus considerably larger than the Villette area studied here.…”

Section: Climate and Phenologysupporting

confidence: 48%

“…Therefore, the variety needs to be well adapted to the prevailing climatic conditions, notably to temperature. Temperature perceived by the vine within a plot is, however, modulated by pedoclimatic characteristics, such as topography, altitude, sun exposure and thus intercepted radiation (de Rességuier et al, 2020). Terroir studies can therefore help to identify plots or subregions within growing areas that have the potential for producing high-quality wines in future climatic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

et al. 2020

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Understanding how different pedoclimatic conditions interact with vine and berry physiology, and subsequently impact wine quality, is paramount for an good valorization of viticultural terroirs and can help to optimize mitigation strategies in the face of global warming.The aim of the present study was to establish terroir zones in a steep slope region in Switzerland based on vine and berry physiology. The study area, Villette in the AOC Lavaux, was a unique experimental site due to the homogeneity of plant material in a relatively small microclimate (140 ha) and a multiplicity of different expositions, soil types and altitudes. Vine and berry physiology as well as temperature of twenty-two plots were monitored during three consecutive seasons to investigate whether a link with pedoclimatic parameters can be established.The annual temporal variation of the average temperature was 142 growing degree days (GDD) over all years. Remarkably, spatial temperature variability was twice as high, with a variation between most extreme plots of 395 GDDs on average over all years. PCA and hierarchical clustering of assessed vine and berry physiological parameters resulted in a vintage dependent grouping of plots differing between years, which was not congruent with geological entities. This highlights the importance of the vintage effect, which had a large influence on vine and berry physiology and impacted terroir zones more than soil groups. Important differences in budburst and flowering were observed between plots, whereas altitude was the main driver of precocity in all years, being relatively independent of the vintage, which confirms the importance of topography in viticultural terroirs.

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Section: Climate and Phenologysupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Climate and Phenologysupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

et al. 2020

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“…Hence, the terroir effect can be assessed through the measurement of air temperatures, radiation, rainfall, soil water holding capacity and vine nitrogen status. Comprehensive databases are published on air temperatures in winegrowing regions (Gladstones, 2011) and temperature zoning within winegrowing regions is accessible at an increasingly finer scale (Santos et al, 2012;Bois et al, 2018;de Rességuier et al, 2020). Radiation can be easily quantified as well (Smart, 1986).…”

Section: Understanding the Effect Of Terroir On Wine Typicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many indicators have been validated to assess vine nitrogen status (Spayd et al, 1993;van Leeuwen et al, 2000;Hilbert et al, 2003) and vine water status (Cifre et al, 2005;van Leeuwen et al, 2009;Rienth and Scholasch, 2019). Today, major parameters determining terroir expression can be quantified and even spatialized at vineyard scale (van Leeuwen et al, 2018;de Rességuier et al, 2020).…”

Section: Understanding the Effect Of Terroir On Wine Typicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advancements in understanding the terroir effect on aromas in grapes and wines

et al. 2020

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Terroir is about the link between wine and its origin. It has long been understood by sensory evaluation that the taste of wine from a given variety can be related to its origins. Specific organoleptic characteristics of wine are influenced by environmental factors such as soil and climate. By deconstructing the effect of measurable soil and climate parameters on grape and wine aroma compounds, the terroir effect on wine typicity can be better understood. Climate influences on vine development and grape ripening are mainly associated with temperature, radiation and rainfall, while soil influences are primarily associated with water availability and nitrogen supply. Significant advances have been made over recent years in understanding wine aromas and their molecular basis and influences of climate and soil on a wide range of molecules responsible for wine aroma expression. This article aims to review these recent research advances to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of how terroir influences wine typicity. The effect of terroir on wine quality and typicity is sometimes considered intangible and difficult to explain on a scientific basis. By combining agronomic, analytical and sensory approaches, however, this review shows that the terroir effect is mediated by measurable factors that can easily be monitored in the vineyard. Assessment of the results compiled by this review allows the suggestion that terroir expression at specific sites might be maximized by choosing appropriate plant material in relation to soil and climate, by acting on manageable parameters like vine water and nitrogen status, or by implementing canopy management to modify microclimate in the bunch zone.

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The changing geography of wine climates and its implications on adaptation in the Italian Alps

Tscholl,

Egarter Vigl

2024

Climate Resilience

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Wine production and quality both strongly depend on suitable climatic conditions. Increasing the climate resilience of wine regions is therefore of critical importance but requires instruments to evaluate shifts in climatic conditions and growing suitability. This evaluation is particularly challenging in mountain viticultural areas due to their complex topoclimatic patterns, yet they offer the possibility to analyze climate change impacts and adaptation strategies across various climatic conditions and cultivated varieties. Here, we assessed historical and future bioclimatic conditions and identified effective adaptation strategies toward more sustainable and climate‐resilient wine production in the mountain winegrowing regions within South Tyrol in the Italian Alps. We found significant changes in climatic conditions under future scenarios, such as an increase in the Huglin index (HI) and cool night index (CNI) as well as a decreased dryness index (DI), causing an expansion of suitable areas for viticulture as well as a spread of unprecedented climatic conditions in traditional vineyards. Impacts and suitable adaptation options varied depending on climate type and grape variety, highlighting the need for targeted solutions that balance the need for high‐quality wine production with environmental protection and sustainability. Higher elevated areas over 1000 m a.s.l. will experience an increased suitability raising the need for restrictions regarding the expansion of vineyards to avoid degradation of natural ecosystems and biodiversity declines. In contrast, many traditional winegrowing areas will need to implement a combination of short‐ and long‐term adaptation measures to maintain traditional wine styles. Our findings provide a framework for the assessment of viticultural suitability and the formulation of appropriate adaptation strategies for the sustainable cultivation of wine grapes in a changing climate that applies to a variety of climates and grape varieties.

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Temperature Variability at Local Scale in the Bordeaux Area. Relations With Environmental Factors and Impact on Vine Phenology

Cited by 46 publications

References 81 publications

A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

A vine physiology-based terroir study in the AOC-Lavaux region in Switzerland

Recent advancements in understanding the terroir effect on aromas in grapes and wines

The changing geography of wine climates and its implications on adaptation in the Italian Alps

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