Template‐Assisted Synthesis of a One‐Dimensional Hierarchical Li_1.2Mn_0.54Ni_0.13Co_0.13O₂ Microrod Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

A lithium‐rich layered 1D hierarchical Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 microrod has been synthesized through a facile template‐assisted strategy through chemical lithiation of a rodlike MC2O4⋅2 H2O (M=Ni, Co, Mn) oxalate precursor that is obtained from a two‐step coprecipitation route without the use of any surfactants. The chemical composition, structure, and morphology of the as‐prepared lithium‐rich layered material are well characterized, and the resultant Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 material presents an ordered 1D microrod morphology and consists of interconnected nanosized subunits (≈200 nm) with a highly porous structure. Because of the hierarchically ordered 1D microrod structure, Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 as a cathode material exhibits superior reversible capacity, rate capability, and cycling performance compared with its bulk counterpart, which delivers high specific discharge capacities of 260 and 118 mA h g−1 at current rates of 0.1 and 5 C, respectively, and a high discharge capacity of 170 mA h g−1 can be also maintained even after 200 cycles at 2 C, corresponding to a capacity retention as high as 89.6 %. The remarkable electrochemical performances can be related to the unique 1D rodlike porous micro–nano hierarchical structure, which can facilitate the diffusion of Li+ ions and strengthen the structural stability of the lithium‐rich layered cathode materials.

Al2O3-coated Li1.2Mn0.54Ni0.13Co0.13O2 nanotubes as cathode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

“…[9][10][11][12] One-dimensional (1D) nanostructure materials prepared by electrospinning have attracted more and more attention, because this kind of nanostructure not only has short ionic diffusion pathways and electron transport paths, but also provides more contact areas between electrolytes and electrode materials. 13 Xu et al prepared Li 1.2 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 O 2 nano-bers and nanoparticles by electrospinning method and coprecipitation method respectively. The initial coulombic efficiency of the nanobers is 75%, which is higher than the 68.2% of the nanoparticles.…”

Improved Lithium-Ion Transport Within the LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 Secondary Cathode Particles Through a Template-Assisted Synthesis Route

“…Moreover, the nano-structuring approach enables the design of bulk electrode materials with enhanced mechanical flexibility against volume changes during electrochemical operation, 17 as well as enhanced electrochemical performance by improving the accessible electroactive sites and interconnectivity. 18 Park et al applied porous carbon microspheres for synthesizing two distinct three-dimensional LNMO morphologies, namely, yolk−shell and dense microspheres by controlling the sintering temperature and duration. 19 In order to further enhance the ionic transport and the electrode| electrolyte contact, one-dimensional rod-like morphologies of lithium-rich Li 1.2 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 O 2 were investigated by Liu et al, exhibiting clearly better performance and structural stability than the reference bulk material.…”

“…19 In order to further enhance the ionic transport and the electrode| electrolyte contact, one-dimensional rod-like morphologies of lithium-rich Li 1.2 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 O 2 were investigated by Liu et al, exhibiting clearly better performance and structural stability than the reference bulk material. 18 Template-assisted synthesis of Ni-rich layered NCA studied by Wu et al was based on increasing the surface area of particles by SiO 2templated hollow-sphere structures to enhance the migration rate of electrons aided by the increased contact area with the electrolyte. 20 The study exhibited promising initial delivered capacity and long cycle life due to facilitated electrolyte diffusion enabling effective surface reactions in Li metal cells; however, the unavailability of the full-cell tests restricts evaluation of the applicability of the materials in practical applications.…”

“…From another perspective, nano-structuring of the layered materials by template-assisted synthesis strategy can facilitate tailoring of the particle shape, size, and surface area by precise control of the reaction parameters and by using a wide variety of templates. Moreover, the nano-structuring approach enables the design of bulk electrode materials with enhanced mechanical flexibility against volume changes during electrochemical operation, as well as enhanced electrochemical performance by improving the accessible electroactive sites and interconnectivity . Park et al applied porous carbon microspheres for synthesizing two distinct three-dimensional LNMO morphologies, namely, yolk–shell and dense microspheres by controlling the sintering temperature and duration .…”

“…Park et al applied porous carbon microspheres for synthesizing two distinct three-dimensional LNMO morphologies, namely, yolk–shell and dense microspheres by controlling the sintering temperature and duration . In order to further enhance the ionic transport and the electrode|electrolyte contact, one-dimensional rod-like morphologies of lithium-rich Li 1.2 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 O 2 were investigated by Liu et al, exhibiting clearly better performance and structural stability than the reference bulk material . Template-assisted synthesis of Ni-rich layered NCA studied by Wu et al was based on increasing the surface area of particles by SiO 2 -templated hollow-sphere structures to enhance the migration rate of electrons aided by the increased contact area with the electrolyte .…”