a b s t r a c tYttrium-doped hedgehog-like ceria with a high concentration of oxygen vacancies was successfully prepared by a traditional hydrothermal process. Crystal phase composition, morphology, and size of as-fabricated products were found to be greatly dependent on the mole ratio of original materials and reaction temperature. The morphology and size of the as-prepared samples were characterized by FE-SEM, HR-TEM and HADDF-STEM. Structure information was obtained by XRD and Raman analyses. Absorption band and band gap energy, which are responsible for the observed photocatalytic behavior, were investigated by UV-vis diffuse reflectance. In addition, the optimum experimental conditions for target products were determined. The as-prepared doped three dimensional (3D) hierarchical structure samples showed higher photocatalytic activity than that of one dimensional (1D) octahedral and nanorod morphology ceria as evaluated by measuring CO 2 liberation form the photocatalytic decomposition of acetaldehyde.