“…Because cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer in nature, cellulose materials have been extensively examined for versatile applications, as they possess qualities such as sustainability, biodegradability, renewability, low cost, and high availability (Zhu et al 2020a,b,c;Wang et al 2022b). Cellulose adsorbents have also gained increased attention over the past three decades (Rodrigues et al 2019;Varghese et al 2019;Köse et al 2020a).…”
Toxic organic dyes present in wastewater should be removed before discharge. In this study, TEMPO-oxidized, regenerated cellulose beads were prepared using a simple falling ball technique for cationic methylene blue (MB) removal. The obtained cellulose beads were characterized using various analytical techniques. The results indicated that TEMPO-oxidized cellulose beads displayed porous structures with high content of carboxylic acid groups. Thus, the negatively charged cellulose beads can effectively adsorb cationic MB with an adsorption capacity of 495 mg/g at a starting concentration of 100 mg/L. This simple one-step adsorption process achieved near-complete MB removal at pH 7, indicating strong electrostatic interactions between cationic MB and negatively charged oxidized cellulose beads. The experimental data can be well described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the Pseudo-second-order model. The fabricated cellulose beads exhibit great potential for practical application in dye removal from wastewater.
“…Because cellulose is the most abundant biopolymer in nature, cellulose materials have been extensively examined for versatile applications, as they possess qualities such as sustainability, biodegradability, renewability, low cost, and high availability (Zhu et al 2020a,b,c;Wang et al 2022b). Cellulose adsorbents have also gained increased attention over the past three decades (Rodrigues et al 2019;Varghese et al 2019;Köse et al 2020a).…”
Toxic organic dyes present in wastewater should be removed before discharge. In this study, TEMPO-oxidized, regenerated cellulose beads were prepared using a simple falling ball technique for cationic methylene blue (MB) removal. The obtained cellulose beads were characterized using various analytical techniques. The results indicated that TEMPO-oxidized cellulose beads displayed porous structures with high content of carboxylic acid groups. Thus, the negatively charged cellulose beads can effectively adsorb cationic MB with an adsorption capacity of 495 mg/g at a starting concentration of 100 mg/L. This simple one-step adsorption process achieved near-complete MB removal at pH 7, indicating strong electrostatic interactions between cationic MB and negatively charged oxidized cellulose beads. The experimental data can be well described by the Langmuir isotherm model and the Pseudo-second-order model. The fabricated cellulose beads exhibit great potential for practical application in dye removal from wastewater.
“…55 The templates used can be made of any materials with nanostructures. 56 The process typically involves three steps: creating templates, preparing MnO 2 according to the templates and removing or not removing the template agent as necessary. 57 Furthermore, the template method can be categorized into two types based on the type of template used: soft templates and hard templates.…”
Manganese dioxide (MnO2), a type of redox-active transition-metal dioxide, has found wide applications as catalysts, oxidants, ferrites, achromats, contrast agents and batteries material. In addition, MnO2 is also increasingly being...
“…In addition, among various methods, template synthesis, as a relatively simple and easy route for fabricating assembled structures, has garnered strong interest due to its high thermal stability and good narrow interdomain limiting effects [ 15 ]. The templates greatly impact the size and morphology of the prepared products.…”
Ternary orthovanadate compounds have received increasing attention due to their broad light absorption and diverse crystal structure. However, their multi-assembled crystal morphologies are limited mainly due to their initially polyatomic VO4 groups. In this study, multi-prismatic hollow cubic CeVO4 microstructures were fabricated by a one-step solvothermal method without any organic agents. The increase in wall thickness is in accordance with the radial direction of the quadrangular prism. Moreover, the overdose of the V precursor is favorable for the formation of hollow micro-cubic CeVO4, and the wall thickness changes from 200 to 700 nm. Furthermore, these CeVO4 microstructures were applied to photocatalytic CO2 reduction with a maximum CO generation rate of up to 78.12 μmol g−1 h−1 under visible light irradiation, which was several times higher than that of the other samples. This superior photocatalytic activity might be attributed to its good crystallinity and unique exposed interior structure. This study provides guidelines for the multi-assembled structure fabrication of ternary compounds and expands upon the exploration of the spatial structure of multivariate compounds.
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